Olive flowering phenology variation between different cultivars in Spain and Italy: modeling analysis

Climate Change in Spain: Phenological Trends in Southern Areas

“…Also the observed trends are stronger that those reported in other Mediterranean areas such as California and Australia (Denisson & Roberts, 2003;Sadrasa & Monzon, 2006). The findings of the present study agree with those reported for other areas of southern Europe, in pointing to a bringing-forward of pollen-season start-dates and peak pollen counts in Olea europaea and Quercus species, and to a lesser extent in Poaceae (García-Mozo et al, 2008a;2008b;2009). Although we must take into account the low significance in some of the results due to a high degree of variability in the analysed dates, the data recorded here suggest a more marked advance in southern than in north-eastern Spain, where Peñuelas et al (2002Peñuelas et al ( ) report during 1952Peñuelas et al ( -2000, an advance of 7.8 days for Quercus ilex flowering and 17 days for Vitis leaf unfolding, while flowering for Olea europaea and Quercus faginea displayed no significant trends.…”

Forecasting olive crop yields based on long-term aerobiological data series and bioclimatic conditions for the southern Iberian Peninsula

“…According to Lavee (1994), both the development and accumulation of pulp in the fruit is reduced if there is limited rainfall in the months prior to the harvest, which justified the inclusion of this variable in the forecasting models. Several studies on olive harvest prediction made in central and southern Spain (Candau et al, 1998;Galán et al, 2008;García-Mozo et al, 2008;Oteros et al, 2012) and other countries, such as Italy (Orlandi et al, 2010) and Portugal (Ribeiro et al, 2008), are in agreement with this. These studies have highlighted the particular importance of the rainfall during flowering and fruit ripening in Mediterranean climate areas, where there are frequent drought periods (Capra & Pavanelli, 2010;Vergni & Todisco, 2011).…”

“…Optimal results have been obtained for European hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.; Lletjos et al, 1993), grape (Vitis vinifera L.; Baugnent, 1991;Cunha et al, 2003), and olive (Olea europaea L.; Fornaciari et al, 2002Fornaciari et al, , 2005Ribeiro et al, 2007;Galán et al, 2008;García-Mozo et al, 2008;Orlandi et al, 2010). A crop-yield model based on pollen emissions of olive was previously developed for the province of Jaen, although no environmental variables were included .…”

“…In this way, a recent study discussed how some typical areas of olive cultivation might be particularly sensitive to projected climate change, and above all, the southern Mediterranean areas, which might become unsuitable for olive cultivation (Moriondo et al, 2013). As changes in climate can cause serious imbalances to physiological and biological rhythms of natural and cultivated plant species, models that predict phenological stages can be used to study the responses of plant life-cycle to global warming (Chuine et al, 1999;García-Mozo et al, 2008;Orlandi et al, 2014). In particular, crop modeling can be useful to predict the effect of climatic variability on crop growth, development and yield (Porter & Semenov, 2005;Challinor & Wheeler, 2008).…”

Microclimatic-induced fluctuations in the flower and pollen production rate of olive trees (Olea europaeaL.)

“…• C), accumulated solar radiation (Rad ac , in MJ/m 2 ) and accumulated precipitation (P pac , in mm) (Díaz de La Guardia et al, 2003;García-Mozo et al, 2008).…”