Oligoaniline-containing electrochromic polymers with tunable properties

Abstract

Abstract. Electrochromic polymers have attracted much attention due to their potential applications in displays, smart windows, intelligent mirrors, and wearable devices. Here, a novel polyamic acid containing aniline pentamer with improved electrochromic properties and new functionalities was synthesized via oxidative coupling polymerization, followed by postpolymerization of tetraaniline, polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane, and fluorene, respectively. With the introduction of tetraaniline pendants, the resultant polymer exhibits improved electrochromic performance with high optical contrast value and rapid switching rate, because of the high content of electrochromic units in the polymeric structure. The polyamic acid functionalized with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane, demonstrates a great enhancement of switching rate in the electrochromism, due to the rapid electrolyte migration through polymer film under electrochemical potentials. In addition, a new electrofluorochromic feature is easily achieved through the introduction of fluorescent fluorene groups into the polymeric architecture.

Flexible and Robust Electro‐Optically Responsive Films Based on Novel Silica/Oligoaniline/Carbon Dots Composite

“…As shown in Figure 3d, the peak currents of SOC composite decrease to 96 % and 91 % of its original value after 500 and 1000 cycles, respectively. Compared to our previously reported oligoaniline-based materials, [9,10,[26][27][28][29][30] this composite film shows remarkable improvement of electrochemical durability, attributed to its inherent robust crosslinked architecture. In addition, the hydrolysable siloxane can be anchored to the hydrophilic ITO substrate through the hydrolysis reaction, due to the large number of hydroxyl groups on the ITO surface resulting from the hydrophilic treatment.…”

“…This should result in a robust silica/organic composite with characteristics determined by the electroactive units chosen. [26,27] The interaction and/or synergistic effect derived from oligoanilines and these additional functional groups can enhance many of intrinsically useful properties of such materials, most notably electrochromic performance. [11][12][13][14][15][16] Oligoanilines, as model compounds of polyaniline, have garnered significant interest due to interesting and predictable electroactive properties and potential applications in anticorrosion, sensors, tissue engineering, and energy-related fields.…”

“…), other functional groups have also been incorporated into polymeric architectures that also contain oligoanilines. [26,27] The interaction and/or synergistic effect derived from oligoanilines and these additional functional groups can enhance many of intrinsically useful properties of such materials, most notably electrochromic performance. Recently, we developed a series of electrochromic and electrofluorochromic bifunctional polymers bearing oligoanilines and fluorophores.…”

Quick and green toward conductive thermally‐stable biobasedstar‐shapedoligomers

“…At the final step, carboxylic acid‐capped (belongs to succinic acid) SSB oligomer was subjected to react with the TA through condensation reaction (Scheme 1C). As it is shown in Figure 3C, all the marked moieties on molecular structure of SSB‐TA oligomer have been detected in the HNMR spectrum: the peaks at 8–8.5 and 7.6–8 ppm (marked as A) are assigned to the NH groups of amide and TA, 5,57 and the peaks at 6.5–7.5 ppm (marked as B) are related to the aromatic rings 60,61 . The secondary hydroxyl (OH), the methylene (CH 2 ) and the methine (CH) which belong to the glycerol compartment of SSB are presented at 5.17 (marked as C), 4.2 (marked as D) and 3.9 (marked as E) ppm, respectively.…”

“…At the final step, carboxylic acid-capped (belongs to succinic acid) SSB oligomer was subjected to react with the TA through TA, 5,57 and the peaks at 6.5-7.5 ppm (marked as B) are related to the aromatic rings. 60,61 The secondary hydroxyl (OH), the methylene (CH 2 ) and the methine (CH) which belong to the glycerol compartment of SSB are presented at 5.17 (marked as C), 4.2 (marked as D) and 3.9 (marked as E) ppm, respectively. Also peak at 2.6 ppm (marked as F) can be related to the methylene protons (CH 2 ) of succinic acid compartment.…”