Olfactory remediation: Current evidence and possible applications

Impact of beverage acceptability on fluid intake during exercise

“…The finding in Experiment 1, of a main effect for alertness across sedentary and exercise conditions, is not clearly understood, but may be consistent with olfactory stimulation or aromatherapy research which has identified alertness, mental function, and various mood states to be associated with odors (Diego et al, 1998;Buckle, 1993;Martin, 1996;Lis-Balchin, 1997;Urba, 1996). This area of research is controversial and there are apparently no studies investigating aromatherapy in an exercise context.…”

Impact of beverage acceptability on fluid intake during exercise

“…The finding in Experiment 1, of a main effect for alertness across sedentary and exercise conditions, is not clearly understood, but may be consistent with olfactory stimulation or aromatherapy research which has identified alertness, mental function, and various mood states to be associated with odors (Diego et al, 1998;Buckle, 1993;Martin, 1996;Lis-Balchin, 1997;Urba, 1996). This area of research is controversial and there are apparently no studies investigating aromatherapy in an exercise context.…”

Analysis of Preference in Plant Fragrances and Psychological Evaluation of Firefighter

“…Therefore, this implies that higher job satisfaction leads to higher fragrance preference and emotional intelligence, and lower post-traumatic stress and job stress (Table 19). This result is supported by Martin (1996) who claim that inhaling pleasant natural fragrances when stressed out affects the limbic system that is closely related to the direct functions of anger, anxiety, and fear, thereby relieving stress. This supports the positive effect of preference in fragrances and stress when inhaling plant fragrances.…”

Scent and Mood State following an Anxiety-Provoking Task

“…Based on prior research, it was predicted that exposure to a scent would be associated with physiological changes in heart rate and temperature, as well as self-reported mood changes as assessed by the Profile. Since there is evidence to support the idea that aromas affect mood and reduce anxiety given differences in their hedonic qualities (Baron & Thomley, 1994;Martin, 1996;Raudenbush, et al, 2001) and prior research suggests the importance of individual percep- tions of scent pleasantness (Koga, 1989;Yagyu, 1994;Asmus & Bell, 1999), it was predicted that changes in physiology and mood would be mediated by participants' ratings of scents' pleasantness. Since preliminary statistical analyses showed significant differences in perception of scent for the three groups, pleasantness served as a covariate in all statistical analyses.…”

“…According to hedonic valence, odors that are perceived to be pleasant are associated with enhanced mood, while odors that are perceived to be unpleasant or aversive are associated with decreased mood (Ehrlichman & Bastone, 1992;Martin, 1996;Raudenbush, et al, 2001). In the current study, individual ratings of a scent pleasantness varied across scent conditions, with lavender receiving higher pleasantness ratings than rosemary.…”

Impact of beverage acceptability on fluid intake during exercise

“…The finding in Experiment 1, of a main effect for alertness across sedentary and exercise conditions, is not clearly understood, but may be consistent with olfactory stimulation or aromatherapy research which has identified alertness, mental function, and various mood states to be associated with odors (Diego et al, 1998;Buckle, 1993;Martin, 1996;Lis-Balchin, 1997;Urba, 1996). This area of research is controversial and there are apparently no studies investigating aromatherapy in an exercise context.…”

Analysis of Preference in Plant Fragrances and Psychological Evaluation of Firefighter

“…Therefore, this implies that higher job satisfaction leads to higher fragrance preference and emotional intelligence, and lower post-traumatic stress and job stress (Table 19). This result is supported by Martin (1996) who claim that inhaling pleasant natural fragrances when stressed out affects the limbic system that is closely related to the direct functions of anger, anxiety, and fear, thereby relieving stress. This supports the positive effect of preference in fragrances and stress when inhaling plant fragrances.…”

Scent and Mood State following an Anxiety-Provoking Task

“…Based on prior research, it was predicted that exposure to a scent would be associated with physiological changes in heart rate and temperature, as well as self-reported mood changes as assessed by the Profile. Since there is evidence to support the idea that aromas affect mood and reduce anxiety given differences in their hedonic qualities (Baron & Thomley, 1994;Martin, 1996;Raudenbush, et al, 2001) and prior research suggests the importance of individual percep- tions of scent pleasantness (Koga, 1989;Yagyu, 1994;Asmus & Bell, 1999), it was predicted that changes in physiology and mood would be mediated by participants' ratings of scents' pleasantness. Since preliminary statistical analyses showed significant differences in perception of scent for the three groups, pleasantness served as a covariate in all statistical analyses.…”

“…According to hedonic valence, odors that are perceived to be pleasant are associated with enhanced mood, while odors that are perceived to be unpleasant or aversive are associated with decreased mood (Ehrlichman & Bastone, 1992;Martin, 1996;Raudenbush, et al, 2001). In the current study, individual ratings of a scent pleasantness varied across scent conditions, with lavender receiving higher pleasantness ratings than rosemary.…”

Impact of beverage acceptability on fluid intake during exercise

“…The finding in Experiment 1, of a main effect for alertness across sedentary and exercise conditions, is not clearly understood, but may be consistent with olfactory stimulation or aromatherapy research which has identified alertness, mental function, and various mood states to be associated with odors (Diego et al, 1998;Buckle, 1993;Martin, 1996;Lis-Balchin, 1997;Urba, 1996). This area of research is controversial and there are apparently no studies investigating aromatherapy in an exercise context.…”

Analysis of Preference in Plant Fragrances and Psychological Evaluation of Firefighter

“…Therefore, this implies that higher job satisfaction leads to higher fragrance preference and emotional intelligence, and lower post-traumatic stress and job stress (Table 19). This result is supported by Martin (1996) who claim that inhaling pleasant natural fragrances when stressed out affects the limbic system that is closely related to the direct functions of anger, anxiety, and fear, thereby relieving stress. This supports the positive effect of preference in fragrances and stress when inhaling plant fragrances.…”

Scent and Mood State following an Anxiety-Provoking Task

“…Based on prior research, it was predicted that exposure to a scent would be associated with physiological changes in heart rate and temperature, as well as self-reported mood changes as assessed by the Profile. Since there is evidence to support the idea that aromas affect mood and reduce anxiety given differences in their hedonic qualities (Baron & Thomley, 1994;Martin, 1996;Raudenbush, et al, 2001) and prior research suggests the importance of individual percep- tions of scent pleasantness (Koga, 1989;Yagyu, 1994;Asmus & Bell, 1999), it was predicted that changes in physiology and mood would be mediated by participants' ratings of scents' pleasantness. Since preliminary statistical analyses showed significant differences in perception of scent for the three groups, pleasantness served as a covariate in all statistical analyses.…”

“…According to hedonic valence, odors that are perceived to be pleasant are associated with enhanced mood, while odors that are perceived to be unpleasant or aversive are associated with decreased mood (Ehrlichman & Bastone, 1992;Martin, 1996;Raudenbush, et al, 2001). In the current study, individual ratings of a scent pleasantness varied across scent conditions, with lavender receiving higher pleasantness ratings than rosemary.…”