Olfactory dysfunction after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccination

Konstantinidis, Iordanis; Tsakiropoulou, Evangelia; Hähner, Antje; With, Katja de; Poulas, Konstantinos; Hummel, Thomas

doi:10.1002/alr.22809

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In the present study, 25.6% of patients had residual smell and taste disorders at a mean of 113 days after PCR positivity. Currently, there are four known mechanisms of COVID-19-induced smell disorder, which are as follows: 1) Obstruction of the olfactory cleft; 2) Infection of the sustentacular supporting cells, which express ACE2; 3) Injury to the olfactory bulb; and 4) Injury to olfactory sensory cells via neuropilin-1 receptor (NRP1) (28,29). The recovery time from olfactory damage by these mechanisms is thought to be as follows.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-reported Smell and Taste Disorders in Patients With COVID-19: A Japanese Single-center Study

Yamamoto

Fujiya

Kuronuma

et al. 2022

In Vivo

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Background/Aim: Smell and taste disorders are among the most common symptoms of COVID-19. However, the relationship between smell and taste disorders and systemic symptoms is not fully understood in Japan. Patients and Methods: Questionnaires were mailed to 105 of 111 COVID-19 patients who were hospitalized at our hospital between March and July 2020 in Japan. Results: A total of 74 patients (response rate: 70.5%) completed the survey. Of these, six patients (8.1%) presented with smell disorders only, 16 (21.6%) presented with taste disorders only, and 17 (23.0%) presented with both smell and taste disorders. The mean Visual Analog Scale for smell and taste was 0.5 and 20, respectively, at the time of the most severe symptoms. Conclusion: Among COVID-19 patients in Japan, smell and taste disorders are often followed by fever and may not be the first symptoms. Sense of smell is particularly impaired. These symptoms often improve, although they sometimes persist for a long time as sequelae.The COVID-19 epidemic is still ongoing around the world. In Japan, the first case was reported in 2020, and a state of emergency was declared. Despite the vaccination incentives, containment of the infection has not yet been achieved. According to Asian reports, the most common COVID-19 symptoms are fever, cough, dyspnea, sputum production, myalgia, arthralgia, headache, diarrhea, rhinorrhea, and sore throat (1, 2). Smell disorder is also one of the most common symptoms of COVID-19 (3), and, of all the associated symptoms, is the best predictor of COVID-19 status (4). However, the order in which smell and taste disorders tend to appear relative to other symptoms, and the relationship between smell and taste disorders and systemic symptoms, is not fully understood. It is also unclear how other symptoms develop after the onset of smell and taste disorders. Furthermore, there are insufficient reports on the incidence, clinical course, and severity of smell and taste disorders in Japan. There have been many questionnairebased studies on smell and taste disorders in COVID-19, and many findings have been revealed (4-8).In this study, we examined the patient background, severity, clinical course, and sequelae of COVID-19 smell and taste disorders in Japan, and the relationship between smell and taste disorders and systemic symptoms. To our knowledge, this is the first report to describe smell and taste disorders in COVID-19 patients in Japan. Patients and MethodsThe study included patients who were admitted to our hospital between March and July 2020 with a positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test result for SARS-CoV-2 in nasopharyngeal swabs. Questionnaires were sent by mail to 105 of the 111 hospitalized patients, excluding those who had died, and those who responded were included in the study. Smell disorder was assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS) and self-administered odor questionnaire (SAOQ) (9), and taste disorder was assessed using the VAS. The content of the clinical course questionnaire is shown in 918 This artic...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-reported Smell and Taste Disorders in Patients With COVID-19: A Japanese Single-center Study

Yamamoto

Fujiya

Kuronuma

et al. 2022

In Vivo

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“…However, these reports were more frequently reported by non-healthcare professionals (when compared with other drugs), which may alter their overall reliability. This transient symptom has been attributed to a vaccine-induced inflammatory reaction localized in the olfactory neuroepithelium in a few reports [ 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ]. Furthermore, our study reinforces previous findings about the HPV vaccine [ 40 ], suggesting a possible class–effect association.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug-Associated Parosmia: New Perspectives from the WHO Safety Database

Merino

Gérard

Thümmler

et al. 2022

JCM

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Parosmia is a qualitative distortion of smell perception. Resulting from central causes, sinonasal diseases, and infections, parosmia has also been associated with medications. Therefore, we aimed to investigate potential signals for drugs associated with parosmia. VigiBase® (the WHO pharmacovigilance database) was queried for all reports of “Parosmia” (MedDRA Preferred Term), registered up to 23 January 2022. Disproportionality analysis relied on the reporting odds ratio and the information component. A signal is detected when the lower end of the 95% confidence interval of the information component is positive. We found 14,032 reports of parosmia, with a median patient age of 53 years. Most reported drugs were antiinfectives, among which COVID-19 vaccines accounted for 27.1% of reports. Antibiotics and corticosteroids were involved in 6.8% and 4.6% of reports. Significant disproportionate reporting was detected for corticosteroids, antibiotics, drugs used in nicotine dependence, COVID-19 and HPV vaccines, serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRI), and incretin mimetics. We suggest potential safety signals involving nicotine replacement therapies and vaccines. We also highlight the potential role of less suspected classes, such as SNRIs and incretin mimetics. An iatrogenic etiology should be evoked when parosmia occurs, especially in the elderly.

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“…33 This is thought to be either a consequence of obstruction of the narrow passages at the upper part of the nasal cavities; infection of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 expressing olfactory neurons and sustentacular cells; or injury to the olfactory bulb. 33 Speed and extent of recovery are variable. Similar anosmia after vaccination has not been reported.…”

Section: Cranial Nervementioning

confidence: 99%

Neuro-Ophthalmic Implications of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Related Infection and Vaccination

Petzold

2022

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology

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The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic created a unique opportunity to study the effects of infection and vaccination on disease. The year 2020 was dominated by infection and its consequences. The year 2021 was dominated by vaccination and its consequences. It will still take several years for full maturation of databases required for robust epidemiological studies. Therefore, this review on the implications for neuro-ophthalmology draws on resources presently available including reported adverse reactions to vaccination. Illustrative clinical cases are presented. The spectrum of pathology following infection with SARS-CoV-2 falls into 4 main categories: autoimmune, vascular, sequelae of brain damage, and miscellaneous. This review is exhaustive, but the most common conditions discussed relate to headaches and associated symptoms; vertigo, diplopia, and nystagmus; vascular complications of the eye and brain; cranial nerve (mono-)neuropathies; photophobia, ocular discomfort, and optic neuritis. Of the 36 main adverse reactions reviewed, vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia is a novel complication requiring specific hematological management. Updated diagnostic criteria are summarized. It is relevant to remember taking a medication history because of side effects and to recognize the relevance of comorbidities. The clinical assessment can frequently be performed virtually. Consensus recommendations on telemedicine and the virtual assessment are summarized in a practical and compressed format. The review concludes with an epidemiological tetralogy to interrogate, in future studies, associations with (1) SARS-CoV-2 pandemic infection, (2) SARS-CoV-2 worldwide vaccination, and (3) the possibility of a rebound effect of infections in the pandemic aftermath.

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Olfactory dysfunction after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccination

Abstract: Olfactory dysfunction is an official World Health Organization symptom of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), with a prevalence of 70% to 90% in some studies. Several pathophysiologic mechanisms have been proposed, 1,2 including:

Cited by 16 publications

References 5 publications

Self-reported Smell and Taste Disorders in Patients With COVID-19: A Japanese Single-center Study

Self-reported Smell and Taste Disorders in Patients With COVID-19: A Japanese Single-center Study

Drug-Associated Parosmia: New Perspectives from the WHO Safety Database

Neuro-Ophthalmic Implications of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Related Infection and Vaccination

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