Olfaction Modulates Visual Perception in Binocular Rivalry

Zhou, Wen; Jiang, Yi; He, Sheng; Chen, Denise

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2010.05.059

Cited by 155 publications

(149 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Olfactory stimuli have also been shown to be capable of influencing visual perception during binocular rivalry. Competition between images of roses and marker pens can be biased towards either image by exposing participants to the smell of roses or marker pens [67]. The increased dominance of congruent visual targets was again found both in increased dominance durations and in decreased suppression durations.…”

Section: Crossmodal Contextmentioning

confidence: 92%

United we sense, divided we fail: context-driven perception of ambiguous visual stimuli

Klink

Wezel

2012

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Ambiguous visual stimuli provide the brain with sensory information that contains conflicting evidence for multiple mutually exclusive interpretations. Two distinct aspects of the phenomenological experience associated with viewing ambiguous visual stimuli are the apparent stability of perception whenever one perceptual interpretation is dominant, and the instability of perception that causes perceptual dominance to alternate between perceptual interpretations upon extended viewing. This review summarizes several ways in which contextual information can help the brain resolve visual ambiguities and construct temporarily stable perceptual experiences. Temporal context through prior stimulation or internal brain states brought about by feedback from higher cortical processing levels may alter the response characteristics of specific neurons involved in rivalry resolution. Furthermore, spatial or crossmodal context may strengthen the neuronal representation of one of the possible perceptual interpretations and consequently bias the rivalry process towards it. We suggest that contextual influences on perceptual choices with ambiguous visual stimuli can be highly informative about the neuronal mechanisms of context-driven inference in the general processes of perceptual decision-making.

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Section: Crossmodal Contextmentioning

confidence: 92%

United we sense, divided we fail: context-driven perception of ambiguous visual stimuli

Klink

Wezel

2012

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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“…Here are three examples. First, a person with a tube inserted into one nostril is more likely to perceive a given line drawing of an object (e.g., a rose) presented on a video monitor as dominant in rivalry when the inhaled odor being delivered through the tube (e.g., floral) is congruent with the visual object (Zhou et al, 2010). Second, an AMand FM-modulated tone heard over headphones biases rivalry when conflicting looming and receding motion displays are viewed dichoptically on a pair of video monitors (Conrad et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have learned, for example, that rivalry is susceptible to top-down influences such as expectations based on prior experience (Anderson et al, 2011), scene-based congruence (Mudrik et al, 2011), visual imagery (Pearson et al, 2008), symbolic magnitude , and attention (Neisser & Becklen, 1975;Lack, 1978;Ooi & He, 1999; see also reviews by Alais, 2011, andTadin, 2011). As well, we have learned in recent years that binocular rivalry dynamics are influenced by information conveyed by non-visual sensory modalities, such as hearing (e.g., Conrad et al, 2010;Lunghi et al, 2014), touch (e.g., Lunghi et al, 2010) and olfaction (e.g., Zhou et al, 2010). These results, too, are reshaping our thinking about the bases of neural competition underlying binocular rivalry (Blake, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does direction of walking impact binocular rivalry between competing patterns of optic flow?

Paris

Bodenheimer

Blake

2017

Atten Percept Psychophys

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When dissimilar monocular images are viewed simultaneously by the two eyes, stable binocular vision gives way to unstable vision characterized by alternations in dominance between the two images in a phenomenon called binocular rivalry. These alternations in perception reveal the existence of inhibitory interactions between neural representations associated with conflicting visual inputs. Binocular rivalry has been studied since the days of Wheatstone, but one recent strategy is to investigate its susceptibility to influences caused by one's own motor activity. This paper focused on the activity of walking, which produces an expected, characteristic direction of optic flow dependent upon the direction of one's walking. In a set of experiments, we employed virtual reality technology to present dichoptic stimuli to observers who walked forward, backward, or were sitting. Optic flow was presented to a given eye, and was sometimes congruent with the direction of walking, sometimes incongruent, and sometimes random, except when the participant was sitting. Our results indicate that, while walking had a reliable influence on rivalry dynamics, the predominance of congruent or incongruent motion did not.

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“…Recent studies show that nonvisual modalities, including audition (Sekuler et al, 1997;Kang and Blake, 2005;Munhall et al, 2009;van Ee et al, 2009;Conrad et al, 2010;Chen et al, 2011), touch Maruya et al, 2007;Holcombe and Seizova-Cajic, 2008;Alais et al, 2010b;Lunghi et al, 2010;Lunghi and Morrone, 2013), and olfaction (Zhou et al, 2010) modulate bistable visual alternations. This study uses temporal frequency rivalry (15 vs 3.75 Hz) to investigate whether auditory or tactile modulations (also 15 or 3.75 Hz) influence rivalry alternations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Auditory and Tactile Signals Combine to Influence Vision during Binocular Rivalry

2014

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Resolution of perceptual ambiguity is one function of cross-modal interactions. Here we investigate whether auditory and tactile stimuli can influence binocular rivalry generated by interocular temporal conflict in human subjects. Using dichoptic visual stimuli modulating at different temporal frequencies, we added modulating sounds or vibrations congruent with one or the other visual temporal frequency. Auditory and tactile stimulation both interacted with binocular rivalry by promoting dominance of the congruent visual stimulus. This effect depended on the cross-modal modulation strength and was absent when modulation depth declined to 33%. However, when auditory and tactile stimuli that were too weak on their own to bias binocular rivalry were combined, their influence over vision was very strong, suggesting the auditory and tactile temporal signals combined to influence vision. Similarly, interleaving discrete pulses of auditory and tactile stimuli also promoted dominance of the visual stimulus congruent with the supramodal frequency. When auditory and tactile stimuli were presented at maximum strength, but in antiphase, they had no influence over vision for low temporal frequencies, a null effect again suggesting audio-tactile combination. We also found that the cross-modal interaction was frequency-sensitive at low temporal frequencies, when information about temporal phase alignment can be perceptually tracked. These results show that auditory and tactile temporal processing is functionally linked, suggesting a common neural substrate for the two sensory modalities and that at low temporal frequencies visual activity can be synchronized by a congruent cross-modal signal in a frequency-selective way, suggesting the existence of a supramodal temporal binding mechanism.

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Olfaction Modulates Visual Perception in Binocular Rivalry

Cited by 155 publications

References 24 publications

United we sense, divided we fail: context-driven perception of ambiguous visual stimuli

United we sense, divided we fail: context-driven perception of ambiguous visual stimuli

Does direction of walking impact binocular rivalry between competing patterns of optic flow?

Auditory and Tactile Signals Combine to Influence Vision during Binocular Rivalry

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