Oil-Soluble Exogenous Catalysts and Reservoir Minerals Synergistically Catalyze the Aquathermolysis of Heavy Oil

Abstract

Oil is the “blood” and economic lifeblood of modern industry, but traditional light crude oil has been over-consumed, and it has been difficult to meet human demand for energy, so the exploitation of heavy oil is particularly important. In this paper, an oil-soluble catalyst was synthesized to catalyze the pyrolysis reaction of heavy oil in collaboration with reservoir minerals, so as to achieve efficient viscosity reduction of heavy oil and reduce production costs. The experimental results showed that Zn(II)O + K had the best synergistic viscosity reduction effect after the aquathermolysis of No. 1 oil sample under the reaction conditions of 180 °C, 4 h, 30% of water, and 0.2% of catalyst, respectively, and the viscosity reduction rate was 61.74%. Under the catalysis of the isopropanol system, the viscosity reduction rate was increased to 91.22%. A series of characterizations such as freezing point, thermogravimetric analysis, DSC analysis, component analysis, gas chromatography, wax crystal morphology analysis, and GC-MS analysis of aqueous organic matter were carried out on heavy oil after reaction by different reaction systems, and it could be verified that the viscosity of heavy oil was reduced. Finally, through the study of the reaction mechanism of the model compound, combined with the aqueous phase analysis, it can be clearly found that the depolymerization between macromolecules, the breaking of heteroatom chains, hydrogenation, ring opening, and other effects mainly occur during the reaction, thereby weakening the van der Waals force and hydrogen bond of the recombinant interval, inhibiting the formation of grid structure in heavy oil and effectively reducing the viscosity of heavy oil.

Preparation and Properties of Reversible Emulsion Drilling Fluid Stabilized by Modified Nanocrystalline Cellulose

“…The joint response is reported including the pH and temperature co-response, pH and salinity co-response, and temperature and shear co-response. Among these, reversible emulsions with a pH response have attracted research interest in the field of drilling fluids due to the easy control of the reversible phase [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. The principle is that by changing the pH value of the emulsion (adding acid or alkali), the hydrophilic lipophilic balance value (HLB value) of the emulsifier is adjusted, so that the emulsion can be transformed between the W/O emulsion and the O/W emulsion.…”

Inhibition Localized Corrosion of N80 Petroleum Pipeline Steel in NaCl-Na2S Solution Using an Imidazoline Quaternary Ammonium Salt

“…With the continuous development of oil and gas fields, their reserves are decreasing sharply year by year, so there is an urgent need to adopt production stimulation measures to improve oil and gas field recovery [1]. Subsequently, various chemical agents and CO 2 flooding technologies have been applied to oil and gas fields, and with the increase in injection volume and type, the washing efficiency and sweep coefficient have increased, there has been a volume expansion of crude oil, a decrease in viscosity, and an enhancement of fluidity, all of which have contributed to achieving the purpose of increasing production [2,3]. However, in the process of oil and gas exploitation and transportation, some chemical agents and CO 2 gases are dissolved in the formation water, forming certain corrosive media that will cause serious corrosion once in contact with pipelines and equipment for a long time [4,5].…”

Study on the Properties Changes of Reversible Invert Emulsion during the Process from O/W to W/O with Alkali

“…Currently, the main factors affecting reversible emulsions include pH [ 5 , 6 , 7 ], temperature, salinity [ 8 ], pH-temperature synergy [ 9 ], and light. Among them, pH-sensitive reversible emulsions have attracted widespread attention in the drilling fluid field [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ].…”