Ocular involvement in sporotrichosis: report of two cases in children

Lemes, Luciana Rodino; Veasey, John Verrinder; Mayor, Silvia Soutto; Proença, Carolina Contin

doi:10.1016/j.abd.2020.08.015

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…A total of 68 publications with 11,050 cases of sporotrichosis were found in South America [ 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 , 102 , 103 , 104 , 105 , 106 , 107 , 108 , 109 , 110 , 111 , 112 , 113 , 114 , 115 , 116 , 117 , 118 , 119 , 120 …”

Section: Epidemiology Of Sporotrichosis In South Americamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of these, 4 reports were found in Argentina during the analyzed period with 38 cases, of which 9 were caused by S. schenckii sensu stricto (23.68%), 26 by S. brasiliensis (68.52%), 1 by S. globosa (2.6%), 1 by S. schenckii (2.6%), and 1 by S. schenckii complex (2.6%) [ 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 ]. Brazil reported 42 articles with 5546 analyzed cases [ 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 , 102 , 103 , 104 , 105 , 106 ], identifying Sporothrix spp. and S. schenckii complex as the causative agent in 4906 cases (88.46%), S. schenckii in 302 (5.45%), S. brasiliensis in 125 (2.25%), Sporothrix sensu lato in 110 (1.98%), S. globosa plus S. schenckii in 91 cases (1.64%) Sporothrix sensu stricto in 5 (0.09%), S. globosa in 4 (0.07%), and S. mexicana in 3 (0.05%) during the studied period.…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Sporotrichosis In South Americamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Brazil, the main pathogenic agent was Sporothrix spp. with 95.56%, S. brasiliensis 2.25%, S. globosa plus S. schenckii 1.64%, S. schenckii 0.41%, S. globosa 0.07%, and S. mexicana 0.05% [ 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 , 102 , 103 , 104 , 105 , 106 ]. In Colombia, S. schenckii 44.00%, Sporothrix spp.…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Sporotrichosis In South Americamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiology of Clinical Sporotrichosis in the Americas in the Last Ten Years

Hernández‐Castro

Pinto‐Almazán

Arenas

et al. 2022

JoF

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Background: Sporotrichosis is a fungal infection caused by species of the Sporothrix genus. Presently, the prevalence of sporotrichosis in the Americas is unknown, so this study aims to analyze the cases reported in the past 10 years. Methods: An advanced search was conducted from 2012 to 2022 in English and Spanish in PUBMED, SciELO, and Cochrane, with the terms: “sporotrichosis”, “lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis”, “fixed sporotrichosis”, “mycosis”, “Sporothrix spp.”, “Sporothrix complex”, “S. schenckii sensu stricto”, “S. schenckii sensu lato”, “S. globose”, “S. brasiliensis”, “S. luriei”. Sporotrichosis is a fungal infection caused by species of the Sporothrix genus associated with “pathogenicity” or “epidemiology”. Results: A total of 124 articles were found in the Americas, corresponding to 12,568 patients. Of these, 87.38% of cases were reported in South America, 11.62% in North America, and 1.00% in Central America and the Caribbean. Brazil, Peru, and Mexico had the highest number of cases. The most prevalent etiological agents were S. schenckii complex/Sporothrix spp. (52.91%), S. schenckii (42.38%), others (4.68%), and Not Determined (ND) (0.03%). The most frequent form of the disease was lymphocutaneous infection; however, the infection type was not determined in 5639 cases. Among the diagnostic methods, culture was the most used. Conclusions: There is a high occurrence of cases reported in the literature. South America is the region with the highest number of reports because of its environment (climate, inhalation of spores, etc.), zoonotic transmission (scratches and sneezes from contaminated animals), and possible traumatic inoculation due to outdoor activities (agriculture, gardening, and related occupations). Molecular diagnosis has not been sufficiently developed due to its high cost.

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Section: Epidemiology Of Sporotrichosis In South Americamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Epidemiology Of Sporotrichosis In South Americamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Epidemiology Of Sporotrichosis In South Americamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Epidemiology of Clinical Sporotrichosis in the Americas in the Last Ten Years

Hernández‐Castro

Pinto‐Almazán

Arenas

et al. 2022

JoF

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“…Twenty-one studies (case reports and case series) reported ocular sporotrichosis with involvement of the conjunctiva, representing a total of 56 patients, with a mean age of 33.33 ± 21.81 years (range 3-80 years) (Table 3) [34,[37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55]. Most cases have been reported in Brazil (44 cases) and Malaysia (8 cases).…”

Section: Conjunctival Sporotrichosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The left eye was more commonly affected than the right one (15 vs. 12 cases, respectively), although in 29 cases, the affected eye was not specified. S. schenckii was isolated in 25% of the cases (14 patients) [39][40][41]44,47,[50][51][52][53] followed by S. brasiliensis (5.3%, 3 cases) [26,45]; isolation was not achieved in 4 patients (7.4%) [3,4,7,11], and in 35 (62.5%), the species involved was not determined [12,34,37,38,43,49]. Previous trauma related to conjunctival implantation was not reported in any patient, although contact with cats was reported in 50 patients (89.3%) (Table 3) [26,34,37,38,40,41,[43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53].…”

Section: Conjunctival Sporotrichosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular Sporotrichosis

Ramírez-Soto

Tirado‐Sánchez

Bonifáz

2021

JoF

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Sporotrichosis is a subacute or chronic mycosis predominant in tropical and subtropical regions. It is an infection of subcutaneous tissue caused by Sporothrix fungus species, but occasionally resulting in an extracutaneous condition, including osteoarticular, pulmonary, nervous central system, and ocular disease. Cases of ocular sporotrichosis are rare, but reports have been increasing in recent decades. Ocular infections usually occur in hyperendemic areas of sporotrichosis. For its classification, anatomic criteria are used. The clinical presentation is the infection in the ocular adnexal and intraocular infection. Ocular adnexa infections include palpebral, conjunctivitis, and infections of the lacrimal sac. Intraocular infection includes exogenous or endogenous endophthalmitis. Most infections in the ocular adnexal have been reported in Brazil, China and Peru, and intraocular infections are limited to the USA and Brazil. Diagnosis is performed from Sporothrix isolation in the mycological examination from ocular or skin samples. Both sporotrichosis in the ocular adnexa and intraocular infection can mimic several infectious and non-infectious medical conditions. Ocular adnexa infections are treated with potassium iodide and itraconazole. The intraocular infection is treated with amphotericin B. This review describes the clinical findings and epidemiological, diagnosis, and treatment of ocular sporotrichosis.

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Mucosal Sporotrichosis from Zoonotic Transmission: Descriptions of Four Case Reports

Yeow

Tan

Low

2023

Infectious Disease Reports

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Background: Sporotrichosis is a subacute or chronic mycosis caused by a dimorphic fungus of the genus Sporothrix. Zoonotic-transmitted sporotrichosis has become a major public health concern and is characterised by a different clinical pattern from the traditional epidemiology of sporotrichosis. Case presentation: We present the details of four patients with mucosal sporotrichosis with regional lymphadenopathy (three cases of granulomatous conjunctivitis and one case of nasal sporotrichosis). The patients’ age range was between 23 to 46 years old and their gender was three female and one male patient. All four patients shared the same ethnicity, Malay, and they had a common history of owning domestic cats as pets. Sporothrix schenckii were isolated from all the culture samples and its antifungal susceptibility patterns were compared in the mycelial and yeast phases. All four patients recovered with oral itraconazole treatment, but the treatment duration was variable among patients. Conclusions: People who have a history of contact with domestic cats should be aware of the possibility of sporotrichosis infection. It can present in cutaneous, lymphocutaneous, disseminated, or systemic forms. Early treatment and the prevention of disease progression are more beneficial to patients. The published data concludes that antifungal treatment is highly efficacious, although the reported treatment duration is variable.

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Ocular involvement in sporotrichosis: report of two cases in children

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

Epidemiology of Clinical Sporotrichosis in the Americas in the Last Ten Years

Epidemiology of Clinical Sporotrichosis in the Americas in the Last Ten Years

Ocular Sporotrichosis

Mucosal Sporotrichosis from Zoonotic Transmission: Descriptions of Four Case Reports

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