Oceanic circulation and turbulence in the coastal zone

Entrainment and advection in an island's tidal wake, as revealed by light attenuance, zooplankton, and ichthyoplankton

“…There was evidence of high light attenuance (evidence of upwelling of fine sediments) at some locations, accompanied by variation in the zooplankton particle-size field. The processes of EU and EA can be assessed with our data, acknowledging that there are other complicating effects of small reefs on the horizontal turbulence (Middleton et al 1993) and stochastic variation in the upstream flow (Aiken et al 2002). The oscillatory nature of the incident tidal current provides a strong constraint on the wake development (Black and Gay 1986).…”

“…The island's long axis is ϳ2 km east-west and normal (80Њ) to the strong tidal flows that are focused on Broad Sound to the south, where the tidal range may exceed 10 m (Middleton et al 1984). The clockwise semidiurnal tidal excursion ellipse for the Derwent Island region has a main axis that is 9 km long (Middleton et al 1984). The island has no fringing reef, and it presents an abrupt obstacle to the ebb (northward flowing) and flood (southward flowing) tidal currents that predominate.…”

Entrainment and advection in an island's tidal wake, as revealed by light attenuance, zooplankton, and ichthyoplankton

“…There was evidence of high light attenuance (evidence of upwelling of fine sediments) at some locations, accompanied by variation in the zooplankton particle-size field. The processes of EU and EA can be assessed with our data, acknowledging that there are other complicating effects of small reefs on the horizontal turbulence (Middleton et al 1993) and stochastic variation in the upstream flow (Aiken et al 2002). The oscillatory nature of the incident tidal current provides a strong constraint on the wake development (Black and Gay 1986).…”

“…The island's long axis is ϳ2 km east-west and normal (80Њ) to the strong tidal flows that are focused on Broad Sound to the south, where the tidal range may exceed 10 m (Middleton et al 1984). The clockwise semidiurnal tidal excursion ellipse for the Derwent Island region has a main axis that is 9 km long (Middleton et al 1984). The island has no fringing reef, and it presents an abrupt obstacle to the ebb (northward flowing) and flood (southward flowing) tidal currents that predominate.…”

Dynamics of a 3‐dimensional, baroclinic, headland eddy

“…Linked field and numerical investigations of the parameters governing recirculation around headlands, islands, and reefs (Black & Gay 1987;Black 1989;Middleton et al 1993) have provided considerable insight into the processes which induce and modify the rotating motion observed in coastal eddies. Further studies by Klinck (1996) and Perenne et al (1997) and recent numerical studies by Lee et al (1999a,b) have treated aspects of eddies in canyons and coastal embayments.…”

Recirculation in the lee of complicated headlands: A case study of Bass Point

“…More recently, it has been shown ] that flows controlled by bottom friction do not necessarily exhibit the same features as those controlled by horizontal eddy viscosity and that equal values of the respective nondimensional numbers (i.e., eddy Reynolds number and its bottomfrictional counterpart) can often produce totally different flow regimes if the other dynamical process is absent. It has also been argued that complicated coastal geometry and bottom topography in the vicinity of the tip of a headland significantly alter the nature of the subsequent recirculation behind the headland, owing to enhanced turbulence altering the overall pressure field [Middleton et al, 1993].…”

Entrainment and advection in an island's tidal wake, as revealed by light attenuance, zooplankton, and ichthyoplankton

“…There was evidence of high light attenuance (evidence of upwelling of fine sediments) at some locations, accompanied by variation in the zooplankton particle-size field. The processes of EU and EA can be assessed with our data, acknowledging that there are other complicating effects of small reefs on the horizontal turbulence (Middleton et al 1993) and stochastic variation in the upstream flow (Aiken et al 2002). The oscillatory nature of the incident tidal current provides a strong constraint on the wake development (Black and Gay 1986).…”

“…The island's long axis is ϳ2 km east-west and normal (80Њ) to the strong tidal flows that are focused on Broad Sound to the south, where the tidal range may exceed 10 m (Middleton et al 1984). The clockwise semidiurnal tidal excursion ellipse for the Derwent Island region has a main axis that is 9 km long (Middleton et al 1984). The island has no fringing reef, and it presents an abrupt obstacle to the ebb (northward flowing) and flood (southward flowing) tidal currents that predominate.…”

Dynamics of a 3‐dimensional, baroclinic, headland eddy

“…Linked field and numerical investigations of the parameters governing recirculation around headlands, islands, and reefs (Black & Gay 1987;Black 1989;Middleton et al 1993) have provided considerable insight into the processes which induce and modify the rotating motion observed in coastal eddies. Further studies by Klinck (1996) and Perenne et al (1997) and recent numerical studies by Lee et al (1999a,b) have treated aspects of eddies in canyons and coastal embayments.…”

Recirculation in the lee of complicated headlands: A case study of Bass Point

“…More recently, it has been shown ] that flows controlled by bottom friction do not necessarily exhibit the same features as those controlled by horizontal eddy viscosity and that equal values of the respective nondimensional numbers (i.e., eddy Reynolds number and its bottomfrictional counterpart) can often produce totally different flow regimes if the other dynamical process is absent. It has also been argued that complicated coastal geometry and bottom topography in the vicinity of the tip of a headland significantly alter the nature of the subsequent recirculation behind the headland, owing to enhanced turbulence altering the overall pressure field [Middleton et al, 1993].…”

Entrainment and advection in an island's tidal wake, as revealed by light attenuance, zooplankton, and ichthyoplankton

“…There was evidence of high light attenuance (evidence of upwelling of fine sediments) at some locations, accompanied by variation in the zooplankton particle-size field. The processes of EU and EA can be assessed with our data, acknowledging that there are other complicating effects of small reefs on the horizontal turbulence (Middleton et al 1993) and stochastic variation in the upstream flow (Aiken et al 2002). The oscillatory nature of the incident tidal current provides a strong constraint on the wake development (Black and Gay 1986).…”

“…The island's long axis is ϳ2 km east-west and normal (80Њ) to the strong tidal flows that are focused on Broad Sound to the south, where the tidal range may exceed 10 m (Middleton et al 1984). The clockwise semidiurnal tidal excursion ellipse for the Derwent Island region has a main axis that is 9 km long (Middleton et al 1984). The island has no fringing reef, and it presents an abrupt obstacle to the ebb (northward flowing) and flood (southward flowing) tidal currents that predominate.…”

Dynamics of a 3‐dimensional, baroclinic, headland eddy

“…Linked field and numerical investigations of the parameters governing recirculation around headlands, islands, and reefs (Black & Gay 1987;Black 1989;Middleton et al 1993) have provided considerable insight into the processes which induce and modify the rotating motion observed in coastal eddies. Further studies by Klinck (1996) and Perenne et al (1997) and recent numerical studies by Lee et al (1999a,b) have treated aspects of eddies in canyons and coastal embayments.…”

Recirculation in the lee of complicated headlands: A case study of Bass Point

“…More recently, it has been shown ] that flows controlled by bottom friction do not necessarily exhibit the same features as those controlled by horizontal eddy viscosity and that equal values of the respective nondimensional numbers (i.e., eddy Reynolds number and its bottomfrictional counterpart) can often produce totally different flow regimes if the other dynamical process is absent. It has also been argued that complicated coastal geometry and bottom topography in the vicinity of the tip of a headland significantly alter the nature of the subsequent recirculation behind the headland, owing to enhanced turbulence altering the overall pressure field [Middleton et al, 1993].…”