Occurrence of Cataract and Fatty Liver in Captive Plains Viscachas (Lagostomus maximus) in Relation to Diet

Gull, Jessica; Steinmetz, Hanspeter W.; Clauß, Marcus; Besselmann, Dorothea; Ossent, Pete; Wenker, Christian; Hatt, Jean‐Michel

doi:10.1638/2008-0167.1

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…This comparison indicates that the concentrate diets used in the present study are more digestible than the diets plains viscachas probably have adapted to over evolution. The relevance of maintaining rodents susceptible to diabetic conditions on high‐fiber diets without concentrates has been repeatedly recommended in order to prevent obesity and diabetes, and this not only with respect to viscachas [Gull et al, ; Wenker et al, ] but also for degus [Edwards, ], tuco‐tucos ( Ctenomys talarum ) [Wise et al, ], agoutis ( Dasyprocta spp.) [McWilliams, ], and sand rats [Kalman et al, ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are herbivorous [Campos et al, ], with an apparent preference for grasses [Giulietti and Jackson, ; Branch et al, ; Puig et al, ; Bontti et al, ; Pereira et al, ], and have been reported to have a low metabolic rate [Kohl, ]. Nevertheless, their diet in captivity has traditionally contained varied amounts of energy dense feeds, which may trigger diet‐induced diabetes mellitus with cataract formation, similar to degus ( Octodon degus ) [Rübel et al, ; Gull et al, ; Wenker et al, ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Digestive physiology of the plains viscacha (Lagostomus maximus): A large herbivorous hystricomorph rodent

et al. 2015

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Plains viscachas (Lagostomus maximus) are large South American, fossorial rodents susceptible to diabetic cataracts. Various aspects of their digestive physiology were studied in three different experiments with 9 male and 7 female adult animals and 6 different diets (total n of feeding trials = 35). Viscachas achieved mean retention times of 23-31h, which is of a magnitude also recorded in horses; these did not differ for solute or small particle (<2mm) markers. Secondary marker excretion peaks indicated coprophagy, and were rarer on high-protein as compared to grass hay-only diets. Mean resting metabolic rate was, at 229 kJ/kg0.75/d, lower than expected for a mammal of this size. Digestible energy requirement for maintenance was 445 kJ/kg0.75/d. At 1.6-2.7 L/d, viscachas produced more methane than expected for a hindgut fermenter of their size. On diets that included concentrate feeds, viscachas excreted glucose in their urine, corroborating reports on the susceptibility of this species for diabetes when kept on energy-dense food. Viscachas had a similar apparent digestibility of protein, lipids, and macrominerals as other rodents, rabbits, or domestic horses. This suggests that whether or not a species practices coprophagy does not have a major influence on these measures. Viscachas resemble other hindgut fermenters in their high apparent calcium digestibility. With respect to a digestibility-reducing effect of dietary fiber, viscachas differed from rabbits and guinea pigs but were similar to horses, suggesting that small body size needs not necessarily be linked to lower digestive efficiency on high-fiber diets. three different experiments with 9 male and 7 female adult animals and 6 different diets (total 28 n of feeding trials = 35). Viscachas achieved mean retention times of 23-31h, which is of a 29 magnitude also recorded in horses; these did not differ for solute or small particle (<2mm) viscachas excreted glucose in their urine, corroborating reports on the susceptibility of this 36 species for diabetes when kept on energy-dense food. Viscachas had a similar apparent 37 digestibility of protein, lipids, and macrominerals as other rodents, rabbits, or domestic 38horses. This suggests that whether or not a species practices coprophagy does not have a 39 major influence on these measures. Viscachas resemble other hindgut fermenters in their high 40 apparent calcium digestibility. With respect to a digestibility-reducing effect of dietary fiber, 41 viscachas differed from rabbits and guinea pigs but were similar to horses, suggesting that 42 small body size needs not necessarily be linked to lower digestive efficiency on high-fiber 43 diets. 44 45

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digestive physiology of the plains viscacha (Lagostomus maximus): A large herbivorous hystricomorph rodent

et al. 2015

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“…1 Formation of fructosamine is proportional to the degree and duration of hyperglycemia within the patient. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] It has also been shown to be a useful marker for differentiating nondiabetic causes of glucosuria. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] It has also been shown to be a useful marker for differentiating nondiabetic causes of glucosuria.…”

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confidence: 99%

Reference Point: Exploring fructosamine beyond diabetes mellitus

Pattullo

Kidney²

2014

javma

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“…Obviously, these animals are mostly characterized by blurred vision, retinal atrophy, and opacity, plus the vacuole formation has been observed in their islets of Langerhans in both α-and β-cells [ 66 ]. Rodents such as Ctenomys talarum and Lagostomus maximus provoked DM in progeny as well as in adults with noteworthy high levels of fructosamine, glucose, fatty liver, opacity, and blurred vision [ 67 , 68 ]. It is hypothesized that diminishing exercise, excessive diet, and more glucose consumption appear to be other reasons for DM as well.…”

Section: Dm In Wild Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative occurrence of diabetes in canine, feline, and few wild animals and their association with pancreatic diseases and ketoacidosis with therapeutic approach

Niaz¹,

Maqbool²,

Khan³

et al. 2018

Vet World

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Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder in which blood glucose level raises that can result in severe complications. However, the incidence increased mostly by obesity, pregnancy, persistent corpus luteum, and diestrus phase in humans and animals. This review has focused on addressing the possible understanding and pathogenesis of spontaneous DM in canine, feline, and few wild animals. Furthermore, pancreatic associated disorders, diabetic ketoacidosis, hormonal and drug interaction with diabetes, and herbal remedies associated with DM are elucidated. Bibliographic search for the present review was done using PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar for articles on concurrent DM in small and wild animals. Persistent corpus luteal and pseudopregnancy in female dogs generate gestational DM (GDM). GDM can also be caused by extensive use of drugs/hormones such as glucocorticosteroids. Although many similarities are present between diabetic cats and diabetic humans which present islet amyloidosis, there was a progressive loss of β- and α-cells and the normal number of δ-cells. The most prominent similarity is the occurrence of islet amyloidosis in all cases of diabetic cat and over 90% of human non-insulin dependent DM Type-2. Acute pancreatic necrosis (APN) occurs due to predisposing factors such as insulin antagonism, insulin resistance, alteration in glucose tolerance, obesity, hyperadrenocorticism, and persistent usage of glucocorticoids, as these play a vital role in the progression of APN. To manage such conditions, it is important to deal with the etiological agent, risk factors, diagnosis of diabetes, and hormonal and drug interaction along with its termination with suitable therapy (herbal) protocols. It should be noted that the protocols used for the diagnosis and treatment of human DM are not appropriate for animals. Further investigations regarding diabetic conditions of pets and wild animals are required, which will benefit the health status of all animals health worldwide.

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Occurrence of Cataract and Fatty Liver in Captive Plains Viscachas (Lagostomus maximus) in Relation to Diet

Cited by 6 publications

References 30 publications

Digestive physiology of the plains viscacha (Lagostomus maximus): A large herbivorous hystricomorph rodent

Digestive physiology of the plains viscacha (Lagostomus maximus): A large herbivorous hystricomorph rodent

Reference Point: Exploring fructosamine beyond diabetes mellitus

Comparative occurrence of diabetes in canine, feline, and few wild animals and their association with pancreatic diseases and ketoacidosis with therapeutic approach

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