Occurrence of antibiotics in hospital, residential, and dairy effluent, municipal wastewater, and the Rio Grande in New Mexico

Occurrence and ecological hazard assessment of selected antibiotics in the surface waters in and around Lake Honghu, China

“…Our results indicated that SDZ is the dominant SA, with concentrations of nd-499.5 ng/L in rivers, nd-322.5 ng/L in Honghu Lake, and nd-261.1 ng/L in ponds. These concentrations were similar to those of in 139 streams and Rio Grande in America (nd-220 and nd-300 ng/L, respectively) (Kolpin et al, 2002;Brown et al, 2006), Seine River in France (23-544 ng/L), and Lake Baiyangdian and Pear River in China (0.86-505 and 38-336 ng/L, respectively) (Xu et al, 2007;Li et al, 2012). However, these concentrations were higher than in most of the other surface waters in China (Bu et al, 2013).…”

“…Due to their continuous input into the environment through numerous pollution sources and their degradation-resistant characteristics, antibiotics are regarded as a class of ubiquitous and "pseudo-persistent" contaminants in aquatic environments (Nödler et al, 2012;Yao et al, 2015). Numerous studies have reported the concentrations of antibiotics ranged from several ng per liter to hundreds of μg per liter in various environmental compartments, such as hospital sewage, municipal sewage, surface waters, groundwater, and seawater (Brown et al, 2006;Kümmerer, 2009;Chang et al, 2010;Rodriguez-Mozaz et al, 2015;Yao et al, 2015Yao et al, , 2017Chen et al, 2015a, b;Ngumba et al, 2016;Sui et al, 2017). The antibiotic burden in water can result in direct toxicity to animals (Wollenberger et al, 2000;Wang et al, 2014;Yan et al, 2016) and plants (Migliore et al, 2003;Pan and Chu, 2016), but more importantly, they can induce antibiotic-resistant bacteria or genes, which increase health and ecological hazards through food chains, even at low concentrations (Wellington et al, 2013;Ye et al, 2016;Sharma et al, 2016).…”

Contribution of hospital effluents to the load of pharmaceuticals in urban wastewaters: Identification of ecologically relevant pharmaceuticals

“…However, for ofloxacin higher levels were detected in Italy (3300-37,000 ng L − 1 ) (Verlicchi et al, 2012a), USA (up to 35,500 ng L − 1 ) (Brown et al, 2006) and Germany (up to 31,000 ng L − 1 ) (Ohlsen et al, 2003), but not in Sweden (200-7600 ng L − 1 ) (Lindberg et al, 2004). Relatively to sulfamethoxazole, the concentrations found reaching up to 8714 ng L − 1 , which were, in general, higher than data reported in literature (Brown et al, 2006;Kovalova et al, 2012;Ohlsen et al, 2003;Thomas et al, 2007;Verlicchi et al, 2012a). Nevertheless, levels up to 12,800 ng L − 1 were detected in hospital effluents in Sweden (Lindberg et al, 2004).…”

“…Several monitoring studies have reported the presence of pharmaceuticals in urban wastewaters (Al-Rifai et al, 2007;Brown et al, 2006;Bueno et al, 2012;Gracia-Lor et al, 2011;Gros et al, 2006;Pedrouzo et al, 2011) and surface waters (Daneshvar et al, 2010;González Alonso et al, 2010;Kolpin et al, 2002;Martín et al, 2011;Spongberg et al, 2011;Vystavna et al, 2012). Nevertheless, few data is available on the contribution of hospital effluents towards the load of pharmaceuticals in WWTPs (Beier et al, 2011;Langford and Thomas, 2009;Ort et al, 2010;Thomas et al, 2007;Verlicchi et al, 2012a).…”

Ecotoxicological aspects related to the presence of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment

“…Antibiotics belonging to different classes have been found in different aquatic environments (Table 3). Lincomycin was detected in hospital and livestock effluents at concentrations of 2 and 6.6 µg L −1 , respectively [138]. Fluorquinolone antibiotics as ciprofloxacin were found in hospital effluents [138,139] [142].…”