Occurrence and risk factors assessment associated with Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) infection in chickens in the semiarid region of Pernambuco, Brazil

Abstract

RESUMO.-[Ocorrência e fatores de riscos associados à infecção por Mycoplasma gallisepticum em galinhas na região Semiárida do estado de Pernambuco.] Objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a ocorrência de infecção porMycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) e os fatores de risco dessa doença em trezentas amostras de soro sanguíneo de galinhas domésticas em 23 propriedades da agricultura familiar na região semiárida do estado de Pernambuco, Brasil. Para a pesquisa de anticorpos contra Mycoplasma gallisepticum utilizou-se o Ensaio Imunoenzimático (ELISA). A aná-lise univariada (Qui-quadrado ou Exato de Fischer) seguida pela análise multivariada (Regressão Logística) foram utilizadas para avaliar os fatores de risco com duas variáveis: manejo e sanidade das aves. Foi detectada uma frequência de 53,33% (157/300) de aves soropositivas para MG com 100% de focos. Os fatores de risco confirmados na análi-se multivariada, neste estudo, foram a criação de outras espécies de aves na propriedade como Numida meleagris (OR=2,22; p=0,005) The aim of the present study was to assess the occurrence of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) infection and risk factors of this disease in three hundred serum samples from on 23 familiar agricultural properties in the semiarid region of the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. ELI-SA was used to study antibodies anti-Mycoplasma gallisepticum. The univariate analysis (chi--squared test or Fischer's exact test) followed by multivariate analysis (logistic regression) were used to assess the risk factors with two variables: management and sanity of the poultry. It was detected a frequence of 53.33% (157/300) of the birds were positive for MG, with 100% foci. The risk factors confirmed by multivariate analysis, in the present study, were the presence of other poultry species on the property, including Numida meleagris (OR=2.22; p=0.005), parrots (OR=1.72; p=0.027), and of passerines (OR=1.88; p=0.007). These results showed that Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection is endemic among backyard poultry in the semiarid region of the state of Pernambuco. These birds could be a source of infection for other wild or domestic poultry. . This is the first report of the occurrence of avian mycoplasmosis in backyard poultry in the state of Pernambuco in northeastern Brazil. The risk factors identified should serve as a parameter for the health authorities to seek solutions related to controlling the disease.

Circulation of Major Respiratory Pathogens in Backyard Poultry and their Association with Clinical Disease and Biosecurity

“…In this study, the totality of properties was seropositive for MS and 84% for MG; these data confirm the relevance of backyard chicken properties to the epidemiology of economically significant diseases such as MS and MG. A serological survey performed in Pernambuco, Brazil found that 53.33% of the studied backyard birds were seropositive for MG with 100% positive properties, Sá et al (2015). Studies also reported high seroprevalence for MS and MG in backyard flocks in Belgium, the USA and Argentina, Xavier et al (2011); Haesendonck et al (2014); Derksen et al (2018).…”