Occurrence and molecular detection of toxigenic <i>Aspergillus</i>
 species in food grain samples from India

Priyanka, S. R.; Mudili, Venkataramana; Kumar, Garapati Phani; Rao, Vinkod Kotswara; Murali, Harish Chandra Sripathi; Batra, Harsh Vardhan

doi:10.1002/jsfa.6289

Cited by 30 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…These species were dominant in sorghum from Argentina, Thailand and Brazil (Alves dos Reis et al, 2010;Gonzalez et al, 1997;Pitt et al, 1994). A. carbonarius was not detected in the present study; however, this species showed a higher distribution in Indian sorghum samples (Priyanka et al, 2014).…”

Section: Mycobiota Determinationmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…Da Silva et al (2006) studied the genetic variability of 21 Fusarium verticilloides strains isolated from sorghum cultivated in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, using SPAR (Single Primer Amplification Reaction) markers while Divakara et al (2013) identified and characterized 27 Fusarium spp., isolated from 58 sorghum seed samples collected across India, sequencing the transcription elongation factor 1 alpha gene and analyzing the Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) polymorphisms. Additionally, Priyanka et al (2014) studied the diverse distribution of 200 Aspergillus strains from a total of 320 samples of maize, paddy, sorghum and groundnut by species-specific PCR assays. However, to our knowledge, there are no previous publications about the mycobiota of African sorghum in which molecular methods are used to differentiate taxa.…”

Section: Fungusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toxigenic molds in Tunisian and Egyptian sorghum for human consumption

Lahouar

Crespo-Sempere

Marı́n

et al. 2015

Journal of Stored Products Research

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a b s t r a c tThe objective of this study was to characterize the mycoflora of sorghum grains commercialized in the Tunisian retail market and to identify aflatoxins (AFs), ochratoxin A (OTA) and zearalenone (ZEA) producing species. Sixty four samples of sorghum (37 samples of Tunisian sorghum and 27 samples of Egyptian sorghum) were analyzed. Dilution plating (CFU, colony forming units) was used for fungal enumeration. The isolation of mycobiota was carried out by plating of grains on PDA and malachite green medium. Aspergillus section Flavi and section Nigri and Fusarium isolates were sub-cultured in CYA to test their ability to produce AFs, OTA and ZEA, respectively. The selected Aspergillus section Flavi and section Nigri, Penicillium and Fusarium isolates were subjected to specific PCR assays using published speciesspecific primers. The results revealed the dominance of Fusarium (95.3%), followed by Aspergillus (87.2%) and Alternaria (81.2%) species. The fungal counts ranged from 100 to 1.3$10 4 CFU/g for Tunisian sorghum and from 100 to 5.7$10 3 CFU/g for Egyptian sorghum. Among Aspergillus section Flavi isolates identified by molecular biology, Aspergillus flavus was the most dominant (90.1%) while Aspergillus parasiticus represent 9.9% only. About Aspergillus section Nigri, results showed the dominance of Aspergillus niger aggregate species, including Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus tubingensis and other species. Among Fusarium species, Fusarium incarnatum was the most dominant in both Tunisian and Egyptian sorghum. Penicillium citrinum was the dominant Penicillium species in the studied samples. More than 890 isolates belonging to the genus Aspergillus and Fusarium were tested in order to test their capacity to produce AFs, OTA and ZEA. The percentage of mycotoxin producing isolates in Aspergillus section Flavi, A. section Nigri, and Fusarium was 30.0%, 4.6% and 11.1%, respectively.

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Section: Mycobiota Determinationmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Fungusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxigenic molds in Tunisian and Egyptian sorghum for human consumption

Lahouar

Crespo-Sempere

Marı́n

et al. 2015

Journal of Stored Products Research

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“…Unfortunately, no organized effort has yet made to address this issue in India. Only a few reports have been published on mycotoxin contamination of cereals in India . Our previous studies indicated that samples of rice and finger millet were contaminated with toxigenic Fusarium species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mould incidence and mycotoxin contamination in freshly harvested maize kernels originated from India

Mudili

Siddaih

Nagesh

et al. 2014

J. Sci. Food Agric.

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“…This is in line with the observation that successful colonization postharvest as influenced by storage conditions may influence the growth of mycotoxigenic fungi and the subsequent production of toxins (Chulze, 2010). Priyanka et al (2014) studied the molecular diversity of toxigenic Aspergillus species from food samples grown in highrainfall regions in India where 200 isolates were recovered from 320 grain samples. This study also points to a higher fungal burden in Kenya as compared to India.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Diversity of putatively toxigenic Aspergillus species in maize and soil samples in an aflatoxicosis hotspot in Eastern Kenya

Salano¹,

Obonyo²,

Toroitich³

et al. 2016

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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Aflatoxin contamination impinges on grain quality worldwide. The causative agent, Aspergillus spp. colonizes grain in the field down to postharvest stages in storage where they may produce toxins. Kenya has experienced recurring cases of aflatoxicosis in Eastern region especially during periods of maize grain deficit. The risk of chronic exposure has not been widely studied. Therefore, seasonal variation in abundance and species composition of toxigenic Aspergillus in maize and soils of Eastern Kenya was investigated. Samples were obtained from farmers, two months after the first (May) and second (December) harvest seasons. Aspergillus spp. were isolated from maize and soil samples by direct and dilution plate techniques respectively on Czapek Dox Agar (CZ) and thereafter sub-cultured on potato dextrose agar (PDA). Positive identification was done using culture-morphological and microscopic characteristics in PDA media. The ammonium vapour test was used to screen for the putative toxigenic strains. A total of 229 Aspergillus spp. cultures were obtained (55% -maize, 45% -soil). Eleven Aspergillus sp. were identified: Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus clavatus, Aspergillus awamori, Aspergillus parasiticus, Aspergillus ochraceus, Aspergillus candidus, Aspergillus ustus, Aspergillus niveus, Aspergillus terreus and Aspergillus wentii. Of these 41 (18 %) were potentially toxigenic while the rest were putatively atoxigenic. Out of the 41 toxigenic isolates, 22 were from maize. The first season had 15 (68.2%) toxigenic maize isolates while 7 (31.8%) were from the second season. Generally, there were more fungal isolates in the first season (54.1%) than the second one (45.9%) while Aspergillus niger was the most abundant in both seasons. Such variation in fungal abundance supports the hypothesis that aflatoxin contamination of grain may vary seasonally but that remains to be unravelled and herein, a contrary opinion was presented.

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Occurrence and molecular detection of toxigenic Aspergillus species in food grain samples from India

Cited by 30 publications

References 30 publications

Toxigenic molds in Tunisian and Egyptian sorghum for human consumption

Toxigenic molds in Tunisian and Egyptian sorghum for human consumption

Mould incidence and mycotoxin contamination in freshly harvested maize kernels originated from India

Diversity of putatively toxigenic Aspergillus species in maize and soil samples in an aflatoxicosis hotspot in Eastern Kenya

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