Occupational exposure to hexavalent chromium. Part II. Hazard assessment of carcinogenic effects

Braver-Sewradj, Shalenie P. den; Benthem, Jan van; Staal, Yvonne C.M.; Ezendam, Janine; Piersma, Aldert H.; Hessel, Ellen V.S.

doi:10.1016/j.yrtph.2021.105045

Cited by 45 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Environmental Cr(VI) exposure is mainly through water, air, automobile exhaust, and tobacco consumption. Occupational exposure to Cr(VI) often occurs in industrial settings, such as leather tanning, smelting, welding, stainless steel production, and pigment manufacturing; the main routes of occupational Cr(VI) exposure are inhalation or dermal absorption [ 36 ]. In the blood, most Cr is bound to plasma proteins, particularly transferrin; only about 5% of Cr is free [ 37 ].…”

Section: Chromium (Cr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Regulation in Chromium-, Nickel- and Cadmium-Induced Carcinogenesis

Zhao

Islam

Wang

et al. 2022

Cancers

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Environmental and occupational exposure to heavy metals, such as hexavalent chromium, nickel, and cadmium, are major health concerns worldwide. Some heavy metals are well-documented human carcinogens. Multiple mechanisms, including DNA damage, dysregulated gene expression, and aberrant cancer-related signaling, have been shown to contribute to metal-induced carcinogenesis. However, the molecular mechanisms accounting for heavy metal-induced carcinogenesis and angiogenesis are still not fully understood. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have indicated that in addition to genotoxicity and genetic mutations, epigenetic mechanisms play critical roles in metal-induced cancers. Epigenetics refers to the reversible modification of genomes without changing DNA sequences; epigenetic modifications generally involve DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, and non-coding RNAs. Epigenetic regulation is essential for maintaining normal gene expression patterns; the disruption of epigenetic modifications may lead to altered cellular function and even malignant transformation. Therefore, aberrant epigenetic modifications are widely involved in metal-induced cancer formation, development, and angiogenesis. Notably, the role of epigenetic mechanisms in heavy metal-induced carcinogenesis and angiogenesis remains largely unknown, and further studies are urgently required. In this review, we highlight the current advances in understanding the roles of epigenetic mechanisms in heavy metal-induced carcinogenesis, cancer progression, and angiogenesis.

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Section: Chromium (Cr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Regulation in Chromium-, Nickel- and Cadmium-Induced Carcinogenesis

Zhao

Islam

Wang

et al. 2022

Cancers

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“…While the contribution of Cr to carcinogenic risk was higher through www.nature.com/scientificreports/ inhalation than ingestion. The reports concluded that the primary exposure route of Cr is inhalation 54 . Considering the predominant forms of Cr in the environment, Cr VI is more toxic than Cr III .…”

Section: Ptm Pollution Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering the predominant forms of Cr in the environment, Cr VI is more toxic than Cr III . Exposure to Cr VI can cause immunological diseases, dental effects and carcinogenic effects (lung cancer, nose and nasal sinus cancer, suspected laryngeal and stomach cancers) 54,55 . The result of health risk from target PTMs in windowsills of Qom indicates significant chronic exposure to Pb can take place for children in the industrial zone.…”

Section: Ptm Pollution Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health risk assessment and source apportionment of potentially toxic metal(loid)s in windowsill dust of a rapidly growing urban settlement, Iran

Madadi

Mohamadi

Rastegari

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Rapid industrialization and urbanization have resulted in environmental pollution and unsustainable development of cities. The concentration of 12 potentially toxic metal(loid)s in windowsill dust samples (n = 50) were investigated from different functional areas of Qom city with the highest level of urbanization in Iran. Spatial analyses (ArcGIS 10.3) and multivariate statistics including Principal Component Analysis and Spearman correlation (using STATISTICA-V.12) were adopted to scrutinize the possible sources of pollution. The windowsill dust was very highly enriched with Sb (50 mg/kg) and Pb (1686 mg/kg). Modified degree of contamination (mCd) and the pollution load indices (PLIzone) indicate that windowsill dust in all functional areas was polluted in the order of industrial > commercial > residential > green space. Arsenic, Cd, Mo, Pb, Sb, Cu, and Zn were sourced from a mixture of traffic and industrial activities, while Mn in the dust mainly stemmed from mining activities. Non-carcinogenic health risk (HI) showed chronic exposure of Pb for children in the industrial zone (HI = 1.73). The estimations suggest the possible carcinogenic risk of As, Pb, and Cr in the dust. The findings of this study reveal poor environmental management of the city. Emergency plans should be developed to minimize the health risks of dust to residents.

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“…Several serious adverse health effects have been linked with occupational exposure to Cr(VI) [ 6 ]. Cr(VI) is an occupational carcinogen that has been shown to cause lung cancer in humans and has been associated with cancer of the nose and nasal sinuses [ 7 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HBM4EU Chromates Study: Determinants of Exposure to Hexavalent Chromium in Plating, Welding and Other Occupational Settings

Viegas

Martins

Bocca

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Work-related exposures in industrial processing of chromate (chrome plating, surface treatment and welding) raise concern regarding the health risk of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)). In this study, performed under the HBM4EU project, we focused on better understanding the determinants of exposure and recognising how risk management measures (RMMs) contribute to a reduction in exposure. HBM and occupational hygiene data were collected from 399 workers and 203 controls recruited in nine European countries. Urinary total chromium (U-Cr), personal inhalable and respirable dust of Cr and Cr(VI) and Cr from hand wipes were collected. Data on the RMMs were collected by questionnaires. We studied the association between different exposure parameters and the use of RMMs. The relationship between exposure by inhalation and U-Cr in different worker groups was analysed using regression analysis and found a strong association. Automatisation of Cr electroplating dipping explained lower exposure levels in platers. The use of personal protective equipment resulted in lower U-Cr levels in welding, bath plating and painting. An effect of wearing gloves was observed in machining. An effect of local exhaust ventilation and training was observed in welding. Regression analyses showed that in platers, exposure to air level of 5 µg/m3 corresponds to U-Cr level of 7 µg/g creatinine. In welders, the same inhalation exposure resulted in lower U-Cr levels reflecting toxicokinetic differences of different chromium species.

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Occupational exposure to hexavalent chromium. Part II. Hazard assessment of carcinogenic effects

Cited by 45 publications

References 50 publications

Epigenetic Regulation in Chromium-, Nickel- and Cadmium-Induced Carcinogenesis

Epigenetic Regulation in Chromium-, Nickel- and Cadmium-Induced Carcinogenesis

Health risk assessment and source apportionment of potentially toxic metal(loid)s in windowsill dust of a rapidly growing urban settlement, Iran

HBM4EU Chromates Study: Determinants of Exposure to Hexavalent Chromium in Plating, Welding and Other Occupational Settings

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