Occupational dermatitis in hairdressers – influence of individual and environmental factors

Carøe, Tanja K.; Ebbehøj, Niels Erik; Agner, Tove

doi:10.1111/cod.12686

Cited by 41 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…As already highlighted in several studies, even in our population, hairdressers were the youngest working category among those at high risk for OCD (mean age 27.1 ± 11.7 years). Probably the high amount of wet work and the exposure to strong sensitizers, especially during apprenticeship, results in an early onset of occupational dermatitis in this occupation 49,51,58 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational contact dermatitis in Triveneto: Analysis of patch test data of the North Eastern Italian Database from 1996 to 2016

et al. 2020

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Background: Occupational contact dermatitis (OCD) is frequent in the workplace.Objectives: To provide recent data on the epidemiology of OCD in Italy.Methods: This multicenter retrospective study, conducted from 1996 to 2016, included patients with suspected allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) patch tested in the departments comprising the North-East Italy Contact Dermatitis Group.Results: We studied 18 859 workers with a diagnosis of contact dermatitis (CD), of which 10.4% were recognized as being of professional origin. OCD declined from 1996 to 2011-2013 and increased in 2014-2016. The overall prevalence of both CD and OCD was higher in women compared to men, but the share of OCD of the total CD was greater for men compared to women. A history of atopic dermatitis was less frequent in workers with OCD than in non-OCD patients (5.8% vs 8.6%). Hairdressers were the youngest profession (27.1 ± 11.7 years). Hands were the primary site of involvement in patients with OCD (76.6%). The five highest risk occupations for OCD were hairdressers, cooks, metalworkers, chemical industry workers, and construction workers. Conclusions:OCDs have a relevant impact in our region, mainly for five job categories, and the increase in the last 3 years suggests the need to improve preventive measures.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational contact dermatitis in Triveneto: Analysis of patch test data of the North Eastern Italian Database from 1996 to 2016

et al. 2020

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“…In four studies with a control group, the frequency of sensitization to MP was significantly lower than in routine testing. [73][74][75]78 In hairdressers, the prevalence of sensitization to MP in most studies was not or only slightly elevated, [79][80][81][82][83] which also applies to healthcare professionals, including nurses. 84 87 Quite remarkably, this product is still available, and even now contains MP.…”

Section: Relevance and Causative Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myroxylon pereiraeresin (balsam of Peru) – A critical review of the literature and assessment of the significance of positive patch test reactions and the usefulness of restrictive diets

Groot¹

2019

Contact Dermatitis

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In this article, contact allergy to Myroxylon pereirae resin (MP) (balsam of Peru) is reviewed. The topics presented include the uses, the chemical composition, the frequency of sensitization, the relevance of positive reactions, the MP-containing products causing allergic contact dermatitis, co-reactivity with other fragrance and nonfragrance materials, the sensitizers, the usefulness of MP as a "marker" of fragrance allergy, and the effectiveness of, and indications for, "balsam-restrictive" diets. Sensitization to MP occurs in 4% to 8% of patients routinely tested for suspected contact dermatitis. There are few adequate data on relevance. Topical pharmaceuticals were formerly, but are not today, important sources of sensitization. Cosmetics and foods or drinks are hardly ever products responsible for sensitization to MP. Positive patch test reactions in the large majority probably result from previous sensitization to MP constituents because of their presence in fragrances and fragranced products, MP thereby acting as marker (or "indicator") of fragrance allergy. However, fragrance mix I is a more sensitive marker, and the added diagnostic value of testing with MP is unknown. The allergenic ingredients of MP include isoeugenol, eugenol and cinnamyl alcohol, but there are other-largely unknown-chemicals that are responsible for contact allergy. Suggestions are given for further research to address questions thus far unanswered and to improve patient care. K E Y W O R D Sbalsam of Peru, balsam-restrictive diet, chemical composition, eugenol, cinnamyl alcohol, coniferyl benzoate, fragrance, isoeugenol, Myroxylon pereirae resin, perfume, fragrance marker, contact allergy

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is well known that hairdressers and hairdressing apprentices are at high risk of developing occupational contact dermatitis related to various workplace exposures to skin hazards. [1][2][3] Major risk factors include exposure to skin irritants and sensitizers, particularly wet work, hair dyes, preservatives, and fragrances. 4 Unfortunately, hand eczema is considerably under-reported as an occupational disease; the perception of hand eczema among hairdressers and the lack of reporting from doctors are the main reasons for this.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors related to skin health in hairdressing apprentices from two Croatian regions

et al. 2019

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Background Hairdressing apprentices are at high risk for developing occupational contact dermatitis. Objectives The objective of this study was to analyse whether there are differences in skin health, skin protection and health‐related quality of life between apprentices from two Croatian regions (Zagreb and Dalmatia). Materials and methods Final‐year hairdressing apprentices from Zagreb (n = 101) and Dalmatia (n = 77) were enrolled in the study. Clinical examination of hands was performed by use of the Osnabrück Hand Eczema Severity Index. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was measured on forearm and hand. A history of self‐reported skin symptoms, work‐related exposure to skin hazards and health‐related quality of life were assessed with validated questionnaires. Results Apprentices from Zagreb reported having been engaged in practical work more days per month than Dalmatian apprentices (median 12 days vs 8 days, respectively, P < 0.001), and washing their hands >20 times per day more frequently (28% vs 10%, respectively, P = 0.004), and consequently more frequently having dry hands (37% vs 16%, respectively, P = 0.002), and significantly higher TEWL values on the hand and forearm, which was confirmed by the results obtained with multiple linear regression models. Conclusions A higher extent of exposure to skin hazards was related to poorer skin barrier function, which confirms the need for improvement of appropriate safety practices in hairdressing schools.

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Occupational dermatitis in hairdressers – influence of individual and environmental factors

Abstract: The low median age, the high percentages of atopic dermatitis in apprentices and the fact that more apprentices than fully trained hairdressers had recognized occupational contact dermatitis underlines the importance of early prevention.

Cited by 41 publications

References 21 publications

Occupational contact dermatitis in Triveneto: Analysis of patch test data of the North Eastern Italian Database from 1996 to 2016

Occupational contact dermatitis in Triveneto: Analysis of patch test data of the North Eastern Italian Database from 1996 to 2016

Myroxylon pereiraeresin (balsam of Peru) – A critical review of the literature and assessment of the significance of positive patch test reactions and the usefulness of restrictive diets

Factors related to skin health in hairdressing apprentices from two Croatian regions

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