Occlusion vs. skin barrier function

Zhai, Hongbo; Maibach, Howard I.

doi:10.1046/j.0909-752x.2001.10311.x

Cited by 168 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…26 The combination of CHG and dressing over time (between dressing changes) may behave as a film with relatively 'low water vapor permeability' to block water loss and allow water accumulation at the skin surface below the dressing. 27 The type of adhesive in the dressing may negatively affect permeability, that is, reduce the rate of moisture loss from the skin. 28 Occlusive films significantly delayed SC barrier repair following tape stripping relative to semipermeable dressings and no occlusion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of chlorhexidine gluconate on the skin integrity at PICC line sites

et al. 2009

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Objective: To determine the effects of chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) on skin inflammation and stratum corneum barrier integrity at peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) sites among patients in the neonatal intensive care setting.Study Design: In a within-subject design, PICC sites with CHG plus semipermeable dressing (PICC) were compared with contralateral dressing sites and untreated controls among 40 neonates (gestational age 32.1 ± 4.7) at weekly dressing changes, using quantitative measures of skin erythema, dryness and barrier integrity (transepidermal water loss, TEWL). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and linear mixed methods.Results: At week 1, all three sites differed for erythema with the highest value indicating poorer skin condition at the PICC site. Dressing-site erythema was higher than the untreated control. Dryness and TEWL were higher, indicating poorer skin integrity, for the PICC site than either the dressing or the control. After 2 weeks, erythema and dryness scores were higher for the PICC site than the dressing and control skin. By week 3, scores were comparable for PICC and dressing sites and both were higher than the control for erythema and dryness. After 3 weeks, PICC skin TEWL was higher than both dressing and control and they did not differ from each other. Conclusion:The dressings used to secure PICC lines contribute to the observed skin compromise at CHG-treated skin sites and may affect skin barrier development in similar populations of neonates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of chlorhexidine gluconate on the skin integrity at PICC line sites

et al. 2009

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“…The application on the skin of any membrane that interferes with the normal TEWL, e.g. water-impermeable membranes, causes profound effects on the skin barrier such as increasing the percutaneous absorption of applied chemicals and the alteration of epidermal lipids, DNA synthesis, surface pH and bacterial flora [58][59][60]. Furthermore, the TEWL itself is a signal to the normalization of the stratum corneum barrier function [61].…”

Section: Wvtrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Films based on chitosan polyelectrolyte complexes for skin drug delivery: Development and characterization

Silva

Pereira

Ramalho

et al. 2008

Journal of Membrane Science

116

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a b s t r a c tNovel chitosan based polyelectrolyte complexes (PEC) were developed and optimized in order to obtain films possessing the optimal functional properties (flexibility, resistance, water vapour transmission rate and bioadhesion) to be applied on skin. The development was based on the combination of chitosan and two polyacrylic acid (PAA) polymers with different crosslinkers and crosslinking densities. The interaction between the polymers was maximized controlling the pH, and by forming the films at a pH value close to the pK a of the respective components as identified by potentiometric and turbidimetric titrations. The action of glycerol, PEG200, Hydrovance and trehalose upon the functional properties of the films was also evaluated. Glycerol was found to improve the film properties in terms of flexibility, resistance and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) with a maximum effect at 30%. The application of a pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) significantly improved bioadhesion with a negligible influence in the resistance and flexibility of the films.The optimized film, including adhesive, has shown very good properties for application in the skin and represents a very promising formulation for further incorporation of drugs for topical and transdermal administration.

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“…It was monitored hydration of the skin (EC), the most valid measurement for assessment of low irritant skin reactions (EI), as well as TEWL measurement, which is a highly sensitive and precise method for the determination of skin water loss (Table 1). It is known that occlusion itself could induce barrier damage and may cause irritation (Zhai and Maibach, 2002). In order to eliminate the influence of occlusion itself, final measurements of the monitored parameters were performed 2 h after occlusion removal, when the effects of occlusion have been finished.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary safety estimate of cosmetic anti-age creams with chokeberry extract, using in vivo bioengineering techniques

et al. 2017

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Potential of anti-age cosmetic line, day and night creams were evaluated using noninvasive measurements of the appropriate skin biophysical parameters in a 24-h in vivo study under occlusion. Thirtyone healthy female volunteers were involved in the study. Electrical capacitance (EC), transepidermal water loss (TEWL), erythema index (EI) were evaluated. The preliminary safety profile of the investigated creams with natural origin ingredients based on obtained results can be considered satisfactory. The stated samples did not cause the change in the measured biophysical parameters-TEWL and EI, while they increased EC i.e. stratum corneum hydration. These results suggest that chokeberry extract and other natural ingredients could exert beneficial effects and has potential on aged skin thereby slowing down the appearance of wrinkles and their existing alleviation, and they could be considered preferable in the cosmetic products intended for the treatment of aged skin.

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Occlusion vs. skin barrier function

Cited by 168 publications

References 35 publications

Effect of chlorhexidine gluconate on the skin integrity at PICC line sites

Effect of chlorhexidine gluconate on the skin integrity at PICC line sites

Films based on chitosan polyelectrolyte complexes for skin drug delivery: Development and characterization

Preliminary safety estimate of cosmetic anti-age creams with chokeberry extract, using in vivo bioengineering techniques

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