Obstetric complications and schizophrenia: a computed tomographic study

Owen, Michael John; Lewis, Shôn; Murray, Robin M.

doi:10.1017/s003329170000787x

Cited by 91 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The present study is a case-control whereas the above mentioned one was a cohort study. However, in this case the sample size was larger, the overall assessment was based on a validated scale [6], and diagnoses were based on more restrictive diagnostic criteria. Furthermore, following the recommendations of previous studies, the risk measure was controlled for two likely confounding variables, SES and FPH, because of their FPH family psychiatric history, 2 SES Socio-economic status a Crude odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence intervals (CI), and statistical significance (P).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Obstetric complications as a risk factor for first psychotic episodes in childhood and adolescence

Moreno

Moreno-Iñiguez

Vigil

et al. 2009

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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j Abstract There are reports of significant association between obstetric complications (OC) and childhood psychosis. Authors conducted a case-control study of 102 children and adolescents with a first episode psychosis (FEP) and 94 healthy controls (HC), using the obstetric complications scale (OCS) and their medical records, to examine the risk of FPE. Patients were recruited from child and adolescent psychiatry units at six university hospitals and controls from publicly-funded schools of similar characteristics and from the same geographic areas. A logistic regression was performed to quantify the risk of psychosis in childhood and adolescence, based on OC, adjusting for potential confounding factors like socio economic status (SES) and family psychiatric history (FPH). OC appeared more frequently in the records of patients. Significant differences between patients and controls were found in Prenatal OC (15.7% vs. 5.3%, P < 0.05) and among them, bleeding in pregnancy showed the greatest difference between groups (12.7% vs. 2.1%, P < 0.01). In the logistic regression, bleeding in pregnancy showed a crude odds ratio (OR) of 6.7 (95%CI = 1.4-30.6) and 5.1 (CI 95% = 1.0-24.9) adjusted for SES and FPH. Therefore, bleeding in pregnancy is a likely risk factor for early-onset psychosis.j Key words early psychosisfirst onset -case-control -OCS BRIEF REPORT

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Lewis-Murray scale of obstetric data (OCS) [6] was administered to parents. This is a scale administered by the clinician that retrospectively rates information on obstetric complications from medical records, birth records, and maternal interviews.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obstetric complications as a risk factor for first psychotic episodes in childhood and adolescence

Moreno

Moreno-Iñiguez

Vigil

et al. 2009

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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“…Thus, there is little doubt that obstetric complications are associated with later schizophrenia; whether these (detectable) obstetric events are of aetiological importance in themselves, or whether they are themselves a consequence of earlier (undetectable) events, is unclear. What is undisputed is that schizophrenics with a history of obstetric complications present earlier than those without such a histori (De Lisi et al 1987;O'Callaghan et al 1988;Owen et al 1988); and a number of studies have shown that such patients are more likely to exhibit ventricular enlargement Murray et al 1988;Lewis et al 1988;Pearlson et al 1989), though not all have concurred (Nimgoankar et al 1988). …”

Section: Structural Brain Abnormalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In schizophrenic populations, males are more likely to have a history of obstetric complications than are females (Pearlson et al 1985;Wilcox & Nasrallah, 1987;Owen et al 1988;Foerster et al 1991ft). This is consonant with the fact that structural brain anomalies have been reported more commonly in male than female schizophrenics (see Table 1).…”

Section: Brain Abnormalities In Schizophrenic Malesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The neurodevelopmental basis of sex differences in schizophrenia

Castle¹,

Murray²

1991

Psychol. Med.

Self Cite

411

145

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“…intrauterine environmental stresses such as influenza exposure; Mednick et al 1988;O'Callaghan et al 1991;Takei et al 1996), at birth (e.g. obstetrical complications; Owen et al 1988) and/or during childhood is critical. The neurodevelopmental hypothesis of schizophrenia is based on the notion that these early-life environmental factors can have significant consequences for processes of brain maturation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental animal models for sensorimotor gating deficiencies in schizophrenia: a review

2001

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Rationale: In schizophrenia research, the study of animal models has received considerable attention in the past 20 years. The value of animal models in preclinical research is widely recognised, largely because they can provide precious knowledge regarding the neurobiology of schizophrenia and can also be used for developing antipsychotic drugs. Prepulse inhibition (PPI; reduction in startle reflex induced by a prestimulus) is impaired in schizophrenic patients, a finding that has been associated with a loss of sensorimotor gating abilities. In rats, the schizophrenic-like PPI deficit can be induced by pharmacological or surgical manipulations targeting mainly the cortico-meso-limbic circuitry. Objectives: The literature was critically reviewed in an effort to determine the robustness and the relevance for schizophrenia of another category of animal models, based purely on manipulations of the social environment, that encompasses the neurodevelopmental hypothesis of schizophrenia. Specifically, we focused our attention on the long-term effects of such environmental models on sensorimotor gating processes as assessed in the PPI paradigm, with an attempt to evaluate their face, predictive and construct validity. Results: Our review of the literature leads to the conclusion that social deprivation performed directly after weaning (~21 days of age) is more likely to be a relevant model for PPI impairments in schizophrenia than pre-weaning manipulations. Conclusions: Although the robustness of such environmental models requires further study, these animal models offer the advantage of avoiding invasive manipulations, which allows for a variety of anatomical, electrophysiological, neuroendocrine or neurochemical investigations in the absence of confounding pharmacological or surgical effects.

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Obstetric complications and schizophrenia: a computed tomographic study

Cited by 91 publications

References 31 publications

Obstetric complications as a risk factor for first psychotic episodes in childhood and adolescence

Obstetric complications as a risk factor for first psychotic episodes in childhood and adolescence

The neurodevelopmental basis of sex differences in schizophrenia

Environmental animal models for sensorimotor gating deficiencies in schizophrenia: a review

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