Observation of Vortex Lattices in Bose-Einstein Condensates

Abo-Shaeer, J. R.; Raman, Chandra; Vogels, J. M.; Ketterle, Wolfgang

doi:10.1126/science.1060182

Cited by 1,414 publications

(1,583 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…6). Our measurements [18] indicate that in axially symmetric pseudo-spheroidal droplets vortices form an equilateral triangular lattice similar to those observed in Bose-Einstein condensates [12,43]. In the future, similar measurements may help evaluating the arrangement of vortices in strongly deformed helium droplets.…”

Section: Oblate and Prolate Shapes Of Rotating Dropletsmentioning

confidence: 63%

Shapes of rotating superfluid helium nanodroplets

et al. 2017

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Rotating superfluid He droplets of approximately 1 μm in diameter were obtained in a free nozzle beam expansion of liquid He in vacuum and were studied by single-shot coherent diffractive imaging using an x-ray free electron laser. The formation of strongly deformed droplets is evidenced by large anisotropies and intensity anomalies (streaks) in the obtained diffraction images. The analysis of the images shows that, in addition to previously described axially symmetric oblate shapes, some droplets exhibit prolate shapes. Forward modeling of the diffraction images indicates that the shapes of rotating superfluid droplets are very similar to their classical counterparts, giving direct access to the droplet angular momenta and angular velocities. The analyses of the radial intensity distribution and appearance statistics of the anisotropic images confirm the existence of oblate metastable superfluid droplets with large angular momenta beyond the classical bifurcation threshold.3

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Section: Oblate and Prolate Shapes Of Rotating Dropletsmentioning

confidence: 63%

Shapes of rotating superfluid helium nanodroplets

et al. 2017

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“…One may expect that rotation suppresses Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC). Like superconductors in magnetic field, vortices may be formed inside the condensate when it is rotated and the Abrikosov vortex lattice can even be observed [3][4][5]. More strikingly, rotating condensates in the fast-rotation limit are expected to exhibit novel quantum phases analogous to the quantum Hall state of electrons, if interactions between atoms are taken into account [6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic properties of rotating trapped ideal Bose gases

Li¹,

Gu²

2014

Physics Letters A

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Ultracold atomic gases can be spined up either by confining them in rotating frame, or by introducing "synthetic" magnetic field. In this paper, thermodynamics of rotating ideal Bose gases are investigated within truncated-summation approach which keeps to take into account the discrete nature of energy levels, rather than to approximate the summation over single-particle energy levels by an integral as does in semi-classical approximation. Our results show that Bose gases in rotating frame exhibit much stronger dependence on rotation frequency than those in "synthetic" magnetic field. Consequently, BEC can be more easily suppressed in rotating frame than in "synthetic" magnetic field.

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“…During the last 15 years, most of the Bose-Einstein condensates that could be realized, both with cold atoms and in the solid state, have shown clear signs of superfluidity such as frictionless flow [2][3][4] or quantized vortices. [5][6][7][8] Still, the most convincing demonstration of superfluidity remains the measurement of the excitation spectrum of the Bose gas. This spectrum should not only show a phononlike behavior 9,10 but also the appearance of a negative energy dispersion, often called "ghost branch," resulting from the prevalence of parametric processes in the excitation of the quantum fluid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Four-wave mixing excitations in a dissipative polariton quantum fluid

et al. 2012

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The Bogoliubov transformation of a polariton quantum fluid has recently been revealed in the four-wave mixing response of a driven microcavity polariton gas. In this work, we investigate the modifications that the dual nature of microcavity polaritons produce on the excitations of this particular half-light-half-matter quantum fluid. We discuss in particular the Bogoliubov character of the excitations of a lower polariton superfluid when it coexists with upper polaritons. We show unique effects resulting from the interplay between polariton decay and Bogoliubov transformation such as the modification of the Bogoliubov dispersion or the slowing down of the four-wave mixing dynamics.

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Observation of Vortex Lattices in Bose-Einstein Condensates

Cited by 1,414 publications

References 23 publications

Shapes of rotating superfluid helium nanodroplets

Shapes of rotating superfluid helium nanodroplets

Thermodynamic properties of rotating trapped ideal Bose gases

Four-wave mixing excitations in a dissipative polariton quantum fluid

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