Observation of Spatially Coherent Polarization Vector Fields and Visualization of Vector Singularities

Chen, Yung-Fu; Lu, Ting-Hua; Huang, Kai–Feng

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.96.033901

Cited by 27 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…4a shows that a circularly polarized OV can be expressed as the product of a spatially varying vortex phase state and a circular polarization state 71 . If the polarization state has a spatially varying vector distribution forming vortex-like patterns, then the corresponding optical field is called polarization vortices or vector vortices, and the corresponding singularity is called a polarization singularity or a vector singularity 72,73 . Based on the various topological disclinations of polarization, vector vortices can be categorized into many types, such as C-point, V-point, lemons, star, spider, and web, according to the actual vector morphology 74 .…”

Section: Properties Of Ovsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the abovementioned wavelength- and OAM-tunable OVs from lasers, there are vortex generators that are known to be intrinsically broadband, which can also be used to obtain wavelength- and OAM-tunable OVs. For instance, vortex generation from anisotropic solid crystals, both uniaxial and biaxial, can be related to complex SAM–OAM coupling and gain competition effects, leading to the tunability of vector OVs 72,73,169 . Similar tunable OVs can be generated in chiral liquid crystals in the regime of circular Bragg reflection 170,171 .…”

Section: Progress In Vortex Generation Tuning and Manipulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optical vortices 30 years on: OAM manipulation from topological charge to multiple singularities

et al. 2019

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Thirty years ago, Coullet et al. proposed that a special optical field exists in laser cavities bearing some analogy with the superfluid vortex. Since then, optical vortices have been widely studied, inspired by the hydrodynamics sharing similar mathematics. Akin to a fluid vortex with a central flow singularity, an optical vortex beam has a phase singularity with a certain topological charge, giving rise to a hollow intensity distribution. Such a beam with helical phase fronts and orbital angular momentum reveals a subtle connection between macroscopic physical optics and microscopic quantum optics. These amazing properties provide a new understanding of a wide range of optical and physical phenomena, including twisting photons, spin–orbital interactions, Bose–Einstein condensates, etc., while the associated technologies for manipulating optical vortices have become increasingly tunable and flexible. Hitherto, owing to these salient properties and optical manipulation technologies, tunable vortex beams have engendered tremendous advanced applications such as optical tweezers, high-order quantum entanglement, and nonlinear optics. This article reviews the recent progress in tunable vortex technologies along with their advanced applications.

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Section: Properties Of Ovsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Progress In Vortex Generation Tuning and Manipulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical vortices 30 years on: OAM manipulation from topological charge to multiple singularities

et al. 2019

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“…The underlying polarization singularities of elliptically polarized fields have been confirmed in detail by experiments with microwaves [9] and optical waves [11]. Recently, the complicated V point structure has been manifested from the observations of low-order [12] and high-order [13] space-dependent linearly polarized fields in transversely isotropic lasers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 84%

“…% Nd: YVO 4 crystal with the length of 2 mm. The laser crystal was precisely cut along the c axis for high-level transverse isotropy [13]. One planar surface of the laser crystal was coated for antireflection at the pumping and lasing wavelengths; the other surface was coated to be an output coupler with the reflectivity of 99%.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperboloid Structures Formed by Polarization Singularities in Coherent Vector Fields with Longitudinal-Transverse Coupling

Chen

Huang

2006

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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The propagation-dependent polarization vector fields are experimentally created from an isotropic microchip laser with a longitudinal-transverse coupling and entanglement of the polarization states. The experimental three-dimensional coherent vector fields are analytically reconstructed with a coherent superposition of orthogonal circularly polarized vortex modes. Each polarized component is found to comprise two Laguerre-Gaussian modes with different topological charges. With the analytical representation, the polarization singularities, on which the electric polarization ellipse is purely circular (C lines) or purely linear (L surfaces), are explored. The C line singularities are found to form an intriguing hyperboloidal structure.

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“…Such rotations are the hallmarks of point polarization singularities [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ordinary polarization singularities in three-dimensional optical fields

Freund¹

2012

Opt. Lett.

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In generic three-dimensional optical fields the canonical point polarization singularities are points of circular polarization, C points on C lines, and points of linear polarization, L points on L lines. These special points are surrounded by a sea of ordinary points. In planes oriented normal to the principle axes of the polarization ellipse at the point, every ordinary point is also a singularity, here an ordinary polarization singularity, or O point. Interactions between O points, between O points and C points, and between O points and L points are described that highlight the fact that a consistent description of optical fields containing C and L lines must include O points.

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Observation of Spatially Coherent Polarization Vector Fields and Visualization of Vector Singularities

Cited by 27 publications

References 36 publications

Optical vortices 30 years on: OAM manipulation from topological charge to multiple singularities

Optical vortices 30 years on: OAM manipulation from topological charge to multiple singularities

Hyperboloid Structures Formed by Polarization Singularities in Coherent Vector Fields with Longitudinal-Transverse Coupling

Ordinary polarization singularities in three-dimensional optical fields

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