Observation of intrinsic bistability in resonant tunneling structures

Goldman, V. J.; Tsui, D. C.; Cunningham, J. E.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.58.1256

Cited by 505 publications

(223 citation statements)

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“…The behavior of the ABALDA density is very different, in agreement with the fact that the solution with density of unity is unstable and hence cannot be reached by time evolution. At the steady state the ABALDA density equals the lowest valueñ 1 .…”

Section: A Single-site Hubbard Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In their seminal paper Goldman et al 1 reported the observation of bistability in the I-V curve of double-barrier resonant tunneling (DBRT) structures, thus stimulating many theoretical [2][3][4][5] and experimental investigations 6,7 on the subject. The bistability is a nonlinear effect induced by the electrostatic charge buildup in the quantum well and occurs in the bias window of negative differential resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The bistability is a nonlinear effect induced by the electrostatic charge buildup in the quantum well and occurs in the bias window of negative differential resistance. 1 From the theoretical point of view, various techniques have been used to capture this phenomenon, ranging from a crude estimate of the charge buildup 6 to self-consistent calculations at a mean-field level. [2][3][4][8][9][10] With the increasing interest in transport through nanoscale devices, in particular using molecules as a possible component of future electronic circuits, the study of intrinsic bistability in nanoelectronics has gained new attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlation effects in bistability at the nanoscale: Steady state and beyond

et al. 2012

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The possibility of finding multistability in the density and current of an interacting nanoscale junction coupled to semi-infinite leads is studied at various levels of approximation. The system is driven out of equilibrium by an external bias and the nonequilibrium properties are determined by real-time propagation using both time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) and many-body perturbation theory (MBPT). In TDDFT the exchange-correlation effects are described within a recently proposed adiabatic local density approximation (ALDA). In MBPT the electron-electron interaction is incorporated in a many-body self-energy which is then approximated at the Hartree-Fock (HF), second-Born, and GW level. Assuming the existence of a steady state and solving directly the steady-state equations we find multiple solutions in the HF approximation and within the ALDA. In these cases we investigate whether and how these solutions can be reached through time evolution and how to reversibly switch between them. We further show that for the same cases the inclusion of dynamical correlation effects suppresses bistability.

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Section: A Single-site Hubbard Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlation effects in bistability at the nanoscale: Steady state and beyond

et al. 2012

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“…18) Moreover, current oscillations, 19) plateaulike behavior and hysteresis of the I-V curve have been observed in the NDR region. 20) Theoretically, Frensley found NDR in the I-V curve in a numerical computation treating a quantum Liouville equation in the Wigner representation that ignored phonon-scattering processes. 21,22) Kluksdahl et al incorporated dissipative and self-consistent effects by employing the Poisson-Boltzmann equation by adopting a relaxation time approximation and succeeded in modeling the experimentally observed hysteresis behavior of the I-V curve.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Approach to Quantum Transport Based on Reduced Hierarchy Equations of Motion: Application to a Resonant Tunneling Diode

Sakurai

Tanimura

2013

J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.

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The quantum dissipative dynamics of a tunneling process through double barrier structures is investigated on the basis of a rigorous treatment for the first time. We employ a Caldeira-Leggett Hamiltonian with an effective potential calculated self-consistently, accounting for the electron distribution. With this Hamiltonian, we use the reduced hierarchy equations of motion in the Wigner space representation to study the effects of non-Markovian thermal fluctuations and dissipation at finite temperature in a rigorous manner. Hysteresis, double plateau-like behavior, and self-excited current oscillation are observed in a negative differential resistance (NDR) region of the current-voltage curve. We find that while most of the current oscillations decay in time in the NDR region, there is a steady oscillation characterized by a tornado-like rotation in the Wigner space in the upper plateau of the NDR region.KEYWORDS: quantum transport, Caldeira-Leggett, dissipative dynamics, resonant tunneling, non-MarkovianThe Caldeira-Leggett (or Brownian) Hamiltonian has been applied to the investigation of quantum dissipative dynamics in several fundamental contexts, including quantum tunneling, 1-3) chemical reactions, 4) SQUID rings, 5) nonlinear optical response, 6) and quantum ratchets. 7) Because a complete model of quantum dissipative dynamics must treat phenomena that can only be described in real time, a great deal of effort has been dedicated to the problem of numerically integrating equations of motion derived from the Hamiltonian that describe real-time behavior. [8][9][10] Although such equations are analogous to the classical kinetic equations, which have proved to be useful in the study of classical transport phenomena, they are difficult to derive in a quantum mechanical framework without approximations and/or assumptions.In this paper, we demonstrate that the reduced hierarchy equations of motion (HEOM) in the Wigner space representation provide a powerful method to study quantum dissipative dynamics in systems subject to non-Markovian and non-perturbative thermal fluctuations and dissipation at finite temperature. [11][12][13][14][15] As an example, we employ a model describing the thermal effects in resonant tunneling diodes (RTDs). 16,17) Although the validity of the Caldeira-Leggett Hamiltonian for describing electron transport phenomena has not yet been investigated thoroughly, because it has a firm quantum mechanical foundation, and because we feel that it is necessary to investigate the validity of the previous theoretical results in a fully quantum mechanical treatment, we believe that the present study will be helpful in constructing a general understanding of electron transport phenomena.Due to quantum effects, an RTD system exhibits novel negative differential resistance (NDR) in its current-voltage (I-V ) relation. 18) Moreover, current oscillations, 19) plateaulike behavior and hysteresis of the I-V curve have been observed in the NDR region. 20) Theoretically, Frensley found NDR in the I-V curve in...

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“…We see a hysteresis in the I-V as expected. 1,2,3,4 Fig. 2 illustrates the origin of the bistability by considering the two stable solutions for the 280mV bias point.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%