Observation and Control of Shock Waves in Individual Nanoplasmas

Hickstein, Daniel D.; Dollar, F.; Gaffney, Jim; Foord, Mark; Petrov, G. M.; Palm, Brett B.; Keister, K. Ellen; Ellis, Jennifer L.; Ding, Chengyuan; Libby, Stephen B.; Jimenez, José L.; Kapteyn, Henry C.; Murnane, Margaret M.; Xiong, Wei

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.112.115004

Cited by 49 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…This method contrasts with previous studies, 10,16 which used laser intensities high enough to field-ionize the entire nanoparticle, creating a uniform plasma throughout the particle. Despite using laser intensities below the plasma formation threshold, we can observe localized plasma formation in the nanoparticles.…”

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confidence: 48%

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Mapping Nanoscale Absorption of Femtosecond Laser Pulses Using Plasma Explosion Imaging

et al. 2014

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We make direct observations of localized light absorption in a single nanostructure irradiated by a strong femtosecond laser field, by developing and applying a technique that we refer to as plasma explosion imaging. By imaging the photoion momentum distribution resulting from plasma formation in a laser-irradiated nanostructure, we map the spatial location of the highly localized plasma and thereby image the nanoscale light absorption. Our method probes individual, isolated nanoparticles in vacuum, which allows us to observe how small variations in the composition, shape, and orientation of the nanostructures lead to vastly different light absorption. Here, we study four different nanoparticle samples with overall dimensions of ∼100 nm and find that each sample exhibits distinct light absorption mechanisms despite their similar size. Specifically, we observe subwavelength focusing in single NaCl crystals, symmetric absorption in TiO2 aggregates, surface enhancement in dielectric particles containing a single gold nanoparticle, and interparticle hot spots in dielectric particles containing multiple smaller gold nanoparticles. These observations demonstrate how plasma explosion imaging directly reveals the diverse ways in which nanoparticles respond to strong laser fields, a process that is notoriously challenging to model because of the rapid evolution of materials properties that takes place on the femtosecond time scale as a solid nanostructure is transformed into a dense plasma.

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confidence: 48%

“…16 However, those ions that are launched inward (toward the undamaged material) cannot penetrate the material (because of their low kinetic energy) and do not reach the detector. We observe only ions that are launched away from the undamaged regions of the nanostructure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping Nanoscale Absorption of Femtosecond Laser Pulses Using Plasma Explosion Imaging

et al. 2014

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“…We anticipate that this enables steering of attosecond electron bunch emission from droplets 11 12 via phase control and near-field enhancement of surface high-harmonic generation 23 from nanostructured targets. Eventually, correlating the near-field driven electron dynamics with ion spectra 24 and imaging the resulting particle damage via single-particle X-ray scattering promises unprecedented insights into the poorly understood processes of sub-wavelength laser machining in dielectrics 25 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field propagation-induced directionality of carrier-envelope phase-controlled photoemission from nanospheres

et al. 2015

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Near-fields of non-resonantly laser-excited nanostructures enable strong localization of ultrashort light fields and have opened novel routes to fundamentally modify and control electronic strong-field processes. Harnessing spatiotemporally tunable near-fields for the steering of sub-cycle electron dynamics may enable ultrafast optoelectronic devices and unprecedented control in the generation of attosecond electron and photon pulses. Here we utilize unsupported sub-wavelength dielectric nanospheres to generate near-fields with adjustable structure and study the resulting strong-field dynamics via photoelectron imaging. We demonstrate field propagation-induced tunability of the emission direction of fast recollision electrons up to a regime, where nonlinear charge interaction effects become dominant in the acceleration process. Our analysis supports that the timing of the recollision process remains controllable with attosecond resolution by the carrier-envelope phase, indicating the possibility to expand near-field-mediated control far into the realm of high-field phenomena.

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“…We performed single-shot single-cluster scattering experiments on individual large xenon clusters. By removing the averaging over cluster size and laser intensity, via sorting the single-shot images in post-analysis, the blurring of clear signatures is avoided [42][43][44]. In order to entirely follow the long-term expansion dynamics of the cluster, imaging experiments were pushed up to the nanosecond time scale in a pump-probe setup.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-resolved x-ray imaging of a laser-induced nanoplasma and its neutral residuals

et al. 2016

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The evolution of individual, large gas-phase xenon clusters, turned into a nanoplasma by a high power infrared laser pulse, is tracked from femtoseconds up to nanoseconds after laser excitation via coherent diffractive imaging, using ultra-short soft x-ray free electron laser pulses. A decline of scattering signal at high detection angles with increasing time delay indicates a softening of the cluster surface. Here we demonstrate, for the first time a representative speckle pattern of a new stage of cluster expansion for xenon clusters after a nanosecond irradiation. The analysis of the measured average speckle size and the envelope of the intensity distribution reveals a mean cluster size and length scale of internal density fluctuations. The measured diffraction patterns were reproduced by scattering simulations which assumed that the cluster expands with pronounced internal density fluctuations hundreds of picoseconds after excitation.

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Observation and Control of Shock Waves in Individual Nanoplasmas

Cited by 49 publications

References 26 publications

Mapping Nanoscale Absorption of Femtosecond Laser Pulses Using Plasma Explosion Imaging

Mapping Nanoscale Absorption of Femtosecond Laser Pulses Using Plasma Explosion Imaging

Field propagation-induced directionality of carrier-envelope phase-controlled photoemission from nanospheres

Time-resolved x-ray imaging of a laser-induced nanoplasma and its neutral residuals

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