Objective evaluation of stubble emission of North India and quantifying its impact on air quality of Delhi

Beig, Gufran; Sahu, Saroj Kumar; Singh, Vikas; Tikle, Suvarna; Sobhana, S.B.; Gargeva, Prashant; Ramakrishna, K.; Rathod, Aditi; Murthy, B. S.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136126

Cited by 121 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…To understand this effect, two simulations were carried out. While in Simulation 1 the actual meteorology during the analysis period in 2020 was used, in Simulation 2 the meteorology pertaining to worst case during early November of 2019 was used (Beig et al, 2020). In both cases the emissions from all sources but energy, residential and windblown dust in Delhi NCR was zeroed out to predict PM 2.5 .…”

Section: Predicting Effect Of Meteorology On Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of restricted emissions during COVID-19 on air quality in India

Sharma

Zhang

Anshika

et al. 2020

Science of The Total Environment

977

119

997

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effectiveness and cost are always top factors for policy-makers to decide control measures and most measures had no pre-test before implementation. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, human activities are largely restricted in many regions in India since mid-March of 2020, and it is a progressing experiment to testify effectiveness of restricted emissions. In this study, concentrations of six criteria pollutants, PM 10 , PM 2.5 , CO, NO 2 , ozone and SO 2 during March 16th to April 14th from 2017 to 2020 in 22 cities covering different regions of India were analysed. Overall, around 43, 31, 10, and 18% decreases in PM 2.5 , PM 10 , CO, and NO 2 in India were observed during lockdown period compared to previous years. While, there were 17% increase in O 3 and negligible changes in SO 2 . The air quality index (AQI) reduced by 44, 33, 29, 15 and 32% in north, south, east, central and western India, respectively. Correlation between cities especially in northern and eastern regions improved in 2020 compared to previous years, indicating more significant regional transport than previous years. The mean excessive risks of PM reduced by~52% nationwide due to restricted activities in lockdown period. To eliminate the effects of possible favourable meteorology, the WRF-AERMOD model system was also applied in Delhi-NCR with actual meteorology during the lockdown period and an un-favourable event in early November of 2019 and results show that predicted PM 2.5 could increase by only 33% in unfavourable meteorology. This study gives confidence to the regulatory bodies that even during unfavourable meteorology, a significant improvement in air quality could be expected if strict execution of air quality control plans is implemented.

show abstract

Section: Predicting Effect Of Meteorology On Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of restricted emissions during COVID-19 on air quality in India

Sharma

Zhang

Anshika

et al. 2020

Science of The Total Environment

977

119

997

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…blamed for poor air quality in Delhi (Liu et al, 2018;Jethva et al, 2019;Beig et al, 2020;Mukherjee et al, 2020).…”

Section: Sources Of Burningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal analysis of submicron aerosol in Old Delhi using high resolution aerosol mass spectrometry: Chemical characterisation, source apportionment and new marker identification

Cash¹,

Langford²,

Marco³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. We present the first real-time composition of submicron particulate matter (PM1) in Old Delhi using high resolution aerosol mass spectrometry (HR-AMS). Old Delhi is one of the most polluted locations in the world, and PM1 concentrations reached ~ 600 µg m−3 during the most polluted period, the post-monsoon, where PM1 increased by 178 % over the pre-monsoon period. Using positive matrix factorisation (PMF) to perform source apportionment analysis, two burning-related factors contribute the most (35 %) to the post-monsoon increase. The first PMF factor, semi-volatility biomass burning organic aerosol (SVBBOA), shows a high correlation with earth observation fire counts in surrounding states which links its origin to crop residue burning. The second is a solid-fuel OA (SFOA) factor with links to local open burning due to its high composition of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and novel AMS measured marker species for polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs). Two traffic factors were resolved, one hydrocarbon-like OA (HOA) factor and another nitrogen-rich HOA (NHOA) factor. The N compounds within NHOA were mainly nitrile species which have not previously been identified within AMS measurements. Their PAH composition suggests that NHOA is linked to diesel, and HOA to compressed natural gas and gasoline. These factors combined make the largest relative contribution to primary PM1 mass during the pre-monsoon and monsoon periods, while contributing the second highest in the post-monsoon. A cooking OA (COA) factor shows strong links to the secondary factor, semi-volatility oxygenated OA (SVOOA). Correlations with co-located volatile organic compound (VOC) measurements and AMS measured organic nitrogen oxides (OrgNO) suggest SVOOA is formed from aged COA. It is also found that a significant increase in chloride concentrations (488 %) from pre-monsoon to post-monsoon correlates well with SVBBOA and SFOA suggesting that crop residue burning and open waste burning are responsible. A reduction in traffic emissions would effectively reduce concentrations across most of the year. In order to reduce the post-monsoon peak, sources such as funeral pyres, solid waste burning and crop residue burning should be considered when developing new air quality policy.

show abstract

“…Furthermore, as highlighted by Zhao et al (2018), the secondary formation and fast growth of fine aerosols also contribute to the atmospheric pollution load at urban locations. In addition, solid biomass burning, crop residue burning, and forest fires also contribute significantly to atmospheric emissions in India (Ravindra et al, 2020;Singh et al, 2020b, c;Beig et al, 2020;Badarinath et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 lockdown and its impact on tropospheric NO2 concentrations over India using satellite-based data

Biswal

Singh

et al. 2020

Heliyon

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The World Health Organization has declared the COVID-19 pandemic a global public health emergency. Many countries of the world, including India, closed their borders and imposed a nationwide lockdown. In India, the lockdown was declared on March 24 for 21 days (March 25-April 14, 2020) and was later extended until May 3, 2020. During the lockdown, all major anthropogenic activities, which contribute to atmospheric pollution (such as industries, vehicles, and businesses), were restricted. The current study examines the impact of the lockdown on tropospheric NO 2 concentrations. Satellite-based ozone monitoring instrument sensor data were analyzed in order to investigate the variations in tropospheric NO 2 concentrations. The results showed that from March 1 to 21, 2020, the average tropospheric NO 2 concentration was 214.4 Â10 13 molecule cm À2 over India, and it subsequently decreased by 12.1% over the next four weeks. An increase of 0.8% in tropospheric NO 2 concentrations was observed for the same period in 2019 and hence, the reduced tropospheric NO 2 concentrations can be attributed to restricted anthropogenic activities during the lockdown. In the absence of significant activities, the contribution of various sources was estimated, and the emissions from biomass burning were identified as a major source of tropospheric NO 2 during the lockdown. The findings of this study provide an opportunity to understand the mechanism of tropospheric NO 2 emissions over India, in order to improve air quality modeling and management strategies.

show abstract

Objective evaluation of stubble emission of North India and quantifying its impact on air quality of Delhi

Cited by 121 publications

References 14 publications

Effect of restricted emissions during COVID-19 on air quality in India

Effect of restricted emissions during COVID-19 on air quality in India

Seasonal analysis of submicron aerosol in Old Delhi using high resolution aerosol mass spectrometry: Chemical characterisation, source apportionment and new marker identification

COVID-19 lockdown and its impact on tropospheric NO2 concentrations over India using satellite-based data

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About