O suporte social durante a transição familiar no pós-desastre natural

Abstract

This is qualitative research with an interpretive analytical base, which aimed to present families' perceptions regarding the social support in the transition following a natural disaster. Six family units, living in a rural area in the south of Brazil, which was affected by a natural disaster in 2008, were interviewed. The data was collected in 2010, based on participant observation, narrative interview, genogram and eco-map. The collected narratives were analyzed following the stages of Fritz Schütze's method. The results reveal the help perceived during the transition phase, the lack of help which had been expected, the emotional support from relatives and friends and the resources recalled by the families in their eco-maps, which were of fundamental importance for the initial recovery phase in the aftermath of the disaster. The study contributes to the understanding of the context of the families' recovery, and emphasizes the relevance of social support as a means of coping with the changes. DESCRIPTORS:Nursing. Family health. Social network. Natural disasters. O SUPORTE SOCIAL DURANTE A TRANSIÇÃO FAMILIAR NO PÓS-DESASTRE NATURALRESUMO: Pesquisa qualitativa, de base analítico interpretativa, que teve como objetivo apresentar as percepções das famílias sobre o suporte social na transição do pós-desastre natural. Foram entrevistados seis núcleos familiares, residentes em uma localidade rural do Sul do Brasil, , afetados por um desastre natural, no ano de 2008. Os dados foram coletados em 2010, a partir de observação participante, entrevista narrativa, genograma e eco-mapa. As narrativas colhidas foram analisadas seguindo as etapas do método de Fritz Schütze. Os resultados revelam a ajuda percebida durante a fase de transição, a falta de ajuda esperada, o suporte emocional de familiares e amigos e os recursos lembrados pelas famílias em seus ecos-mapas, os quais tiveram importância fundamental para a fase inicial de recuperação pós-desastre. O estudo contribui para a compreensão do contexto de recuperação das famílias e destaca a pertinência do suporte social como meio de enfrentamento das mudanças. DESCRITORES:Enfermagem. Saúde da família. Rede social. Desastres naturais. EL SOPORTE SOCIAL DURANTE LA TRANSICIÓN FAMILIAR EN EL POSTDESASTRE NATURALRESUMEN: Investigación cualitativa de base analítica-interpretativa que tuvo como objetivo presentar las percepciones de las familias sobre el soporte social en la transición del post-desastre natural. Fueron entrevistados seis núcleos familiares residentes en una localidad rural del Sur del Brasil, que fue afectada por un desastre natural en el año 2008. Los datos fueron obtenidos en el 2010, a partir de la observación participativa, entrevista narrativa, genograma y ecomapa. Las narraciones obtenidas fueron analizadas siguiendo las etapas del método de Fritz Schütze. Los resultados revelan la ayuda recibida durante la fase de transición, la falta de ayuda esperada, el soporte emocional de familiares y amigos y los recursos recordados por las familias en sus...

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