“O Sistema Único de Saúde que dá certo”: ações de humanização no pré-natal

Abstract

RESUMO Objetivo Entender como ocorre a aproximação dos pressupostos de humanização das políticas públicas e dos programas de saúde propostos pelo Ministério da Saúde na práxis da atenção pré-natal de risco habitual. Método Estudo de campo, descritivo exploratório de abordagem qualitativa. A pesquisa foi realizada de fevereiro a junho de 2014, com observação participante e entrevista semiestruturada, em quatro unidades de saúde da família, tendo a participação de cinco enfermeiros e três médicos. Quanto à análise de dados, optou-se pela Proposta Operativa. Resultados As categorias reveladas neste estudo que promoveram a humanização da atenção pré-natal foram: a aproximação e a vinculação da gestante e de sua família com as unidades de saúde da família e a educação permanente como facilitadora da humanização no pré-natal. Conclusões Compreende-se que para a aproximação de uma atenção humanizada é necessário um olhar ampliado frente às singularidades das mulheres.

Women's perception of prenatal and delivery care in cases of neonatal death

“…7,8,[13][14][15] The women interviewed in the present study mentioned the clarification of questions as a positive factor for the quality of prenatal care, as observed in other studies. 13,14 The presence of dialogue and instructions on health care led to a more adequate follow-up of pregnancy.…”

“…16 The bond between pregnant women and nurses is an aspect that enables more humanized care. 7 Pregnant women's empathy for health professionals has an influence on adherence to consultations and comprehensive care. 15 Professionals' awareness of the fears and anxieties of pregnant women promotes their bond with these women, which can help to prevent problems.…”

“…8 A study performed in Southern Brazil indicated that respect for pregnant women's beliefs and singularities strengthens this bond and helps professionals to meet their actual demands for primary care. 7 Studies have shown that professional guidance provided during prenatal care consultations is precarious, although such consultations are understood as privileged space for pregnant women to receive instructions about pregnancy and delivery. 3,4 The following instructions were the ones least received by pregnant women: maternal breastfeeding, recommended maternity hospital at the moment of delivery, the right to have a companion, information about delivery and the use of contraceptives after delivery, puerperal consultations and instructions on types of delivery.…”

“…Health promotion and prevention actions in obstetric care are associated with women's empowerment, who must be considered as individuals with rights characterized by a unique family and cultural history. 7 However, there are still barriers to the humanization of care for pregnant women in Brazil as a whole. This puts in perspective the distance between the routine practice of services and the recommendations for improvements suggested by studies and political and governmental authorities in the area.…”

“…The following factors contributed to the good experience of pregnant women seeking health services: the participation of a companion during the entire process; the availability of exams and consultations; the acquisition of clear and safe information about health status; the respect for the particularities of each pregnant woman and their cultural and subjective aspects; the availability of health care services in case of birth complications and reception in maternity hospitals. 3,4,[7][8][9][10][11] Considering the lack of studies that assess prenatal and delivery care in the perspective of women whose newborns died, the present study aimed to analyze women's perception of quality of prenatal and delivery care in the cases when newborns died.…”