Geração de conhecimento na área da saúde humana: uma análise da interação universidade-organizações no Rio Grande do Sul
Ana Lúcia Tatsch (UFRGS)Marisa Botelho (UFU) Janaina Ruffoni (UNISINOS) Lara Stumpf Horn (UFRGS)Resumo: A partir da abordagem de sistemas inovativos, este trabalho visa contribuir para a caracterização dos processos de geração de conhecimento e inovação na área da saúde em países emergentes, como o Brasil. Objetiva examinar as interações que se estabelecem entre as universidades, a partir de seus grupos de pesquisa, e outras organizações, particularmente, os hospitais, mas também empresas privadas da indústria manufatureira. Abstract: Following the innovation systems approach, this paper's goal is to analyse the interactions established between universities -as to their research groups -and other organisations -in particular hospitals, but also industrial firms -focusing on the development of products and/or processes that are innovative for the human health, as well as on advances in medical services. Thus, this paper aims to contribute to the characterization of processes that generate knowledge and innovation in the health sector in emerging countries, such as Brazil. In order to do so, the interactions of four research groups from the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul were analyzed. In addition to the field research conducted with these investigated groups, through in-depth interviews, the study was based on secondary data collected from the Directory of Research Groups of the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development. This exploratory study identified important characteristics of the interactions established between the involved actors and seeks advances in medical care and in innovation development: multidisciplinary researcher teams qualify the process of generating knowledge and innovations; the teaching hospital is the key actor; patients are relevant actors in the establishment of interactions and generation of knowledge by the groups, whereas clinical research constitutes an important way of creating new ideas; other researchers from research centres or universities in Brazil and abroad participate in the process of generating knowledge; disconnection between scientific and technological production, since the investigated groups have high scientific production and very low interaction with the manufacturing industry. These characteristics corroborate at large other findings that have been already published in specialized literature.