O desafio de operacionalizar as ações de vigilância sanitária no âmbito da promoção da saúde e no locus saúde da família

Abstract

This article proposes an articulation between the Family Health and the Sanitary Surveillance fields of action. It reflects on how essential concepts and guidelines of the Brazilian public health system (SUS), such as integrality, social control and health promotion, can be integrated into the practice of health professionals. Family Health is both a strategy for taking on a new practice and a field leading to comprehensiveness and health promotion, in addition to being conducive to community participation. Health promotion guides a practice which can potentially transform the field of health. Sanitary Surveillance acknowledges its connection to health promotion and its ideological affinity to the principles contained in the Ottawa Letter. In view of the complex social environment in which professional and user meet, and of the hurdles to more effective health practices, training and enabling human resources becomes a tool for transforming and enhancing public health.

Declaração Universal sobre Bioética e Direitos Humanos: referência para vigilância sanitária em comunidades terapêuticas

“…To be committed to the population's healthcare and improved quality of life, health surveillance operations must have a technical and ethical foundation, as well as social responsibility [46][47][48] . Fortes 45 also points out that the ethical responsibility of health surveillance actions, or failures to act, will have repercussions not only now, but also on future generations.…”

“…In other words, it is necessary to help develop public awareness in order to sway decision-makers to adopt the correct ethical guidelines 30 . One proposal is to create Comitês Intermunicipais de Bioética (Inter-municipal Bioethics Committees) 52 , which, if implemented, could be the center of basic bioethics training for municipal councilmembers and staff members of both local health surveillance agencies and the basic healthcare system, whose joint action could strengthen the social management of the healthcare system 48 .…”

“…In this sense, the community, through social participation, is an important agent to help health surveillance define its mechanisms of constructing citizenship 45,48 . This approach is supported by the SUS tenets, in which the right to health, integrality, universality, and equity are in agreement with the UDBHR.…”

A prática das equipes de saúde da família: desafios para a promoção de saúde

“…Isso contribui para a construção de ações que respondem às necessidades sociais de saúde (5) . A promoção da saúde é então considerada, como campo essencial da saúde coletiva e como estratégia para atender aos princípios do SUS (6) . Para Buss (7) , a promoção da saúde pressupõe o reconhecimento da saúde como direito de cidadania, expresso em melhores condições de vida, serviços mais resolutivos e ações integrais, com foco na intersetorialidade e no estímulo à organização da comunidade para o efetivo exercício do controle social.…”

“…Vê-se então a necessidade do protagonismo das pessoas e de que elas se tornem "empoderadas", isto é, que desenvolvam a habilidade e o poder de atuar em benefício da própria qualidade de vida, enquanto sujeitos e/ou comunidades ativas (9) . Nesse sentido, o conceito de empoderamento tem merecido destaque no campo da saúde pública por ser considerado como estratégia de fomento à saúde (6) .…”