Nutritional status and its significance in HIV-infection

Süttmann, U.; Ockenga, J.; Hoogestraat, L.; Selberg, O.; Deicher, H.; Müller, Manfred J.

doi:10.1016/0261-5614(91)90157-8

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…However, AIDS-associated malnutrition still occurs in uncontrolled phases of the disease, and its complications make the patient even more susceptible to opportunistic infections, reduction of the efficacy and tolerance to medication, and higher death risk (1,37). Various authors have reported that the nutritional state is a strong predictive factor for survival and functional conditions during the course of HIV infection (9,17,25,26,(33)(34)(35)41).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different nutritional-state indicators of HIV-positive individuals undergoing antiretroviral therapy

Geraix¹,

Carvalhães²,

Pereira³

2008

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

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This study aimed at learning about the nutritional profile of HIV-positive individuals undergoing antiretroviral therapy and at comparing the performance of nutritional-state indicators. A transversal study was performed on 94 patients attending the Tropical Diseases Outpatient Hospital of Botucatu Medical School (FMB) - UNESP. The body mass index (BMI) and the classification by Papini-Berto (PB) were used to evaluate nutritional state, aiming at detecting malnutrition and obesity. The waist-to-hips ratio (W/HR) and waist circumference (WC) were adopted for identification of abdominal obesity and lipodystrophy. According to BMI, most of the individuals were eutrophic, followed by 30.9% overweight and 6.4% malnourished. By using the PB classification, the frequency of malnourished increased (22.3%). The analysis of the PB classification in relation to BMI indicated that the former presented high sensitivity and good specificity for malnutrition diagnosis, namely 100% and 83%, respectively. The prevalence of abdominal obesity was 7.44% according to WC, and a higher prevalence (38.3%) was observed when taking W/HR into account. There was significant positive association between nutritional diagnosis according to PB and T CD4+ lymphocyte. The results support the use of PB classification for malnutrition detection as well as that of BMI and W/HR for overweight and fat redistribution

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different nutritional-state indicators of HIV-positive individuals undergoing antiretroviral therapy

Geraix¹,

Carvalhães²,

Pereira³

2008

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

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“…With advancing HIV infection, there is a progressive depletion of body cell mass with death occurring when approximately half of the body cell mass is lost (1). Although the weight loss is usually episodic when accompanying opportunistic infections, but progressive in patients with chronic diarrhea (18), there is evidence that loss of lean body mass occurs even in early asymptomatic HIV infection before significant immune deficiency (2,19,20). Because loss of lean body mass has been shown to be a predictor of survival, independent of CD4 count (2,21), it is important to describe the changes in body composition with time in HIV infection, and to identify its determinants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Weight loss is common in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. In men, the weight loss reflects predominantly the loss of lean body mass, which has been shown to be a strong predictor of survival (1)(2)(3) and independent of CD4 counts. Despite the scarcity of data on HIV infection and body composition in women, it has been shown that women, in contrast to men, loose both lean and fat body mass (4).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Values are means (95% confidence intervals), except age [mean (range)] and primigravidae (%) 2. HIV status was indeterminate in 30 of the 1653 women.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Results expressed as regression coefficients (B) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) and P-values. Height, gestational age, age, gravidity and season were controlled for in both models, and elevated ACT was included in model 2, where n ϭ 1573 and adjusted R 2 ϭ 0.28 2. Viral load expressed as genome equivalents (geq/mL) and log 10 (x ϩ 1)-transformed.…”

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confidence: 99%

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HIV-1 Viral Load and Elevated Serum α1-Antichymotrypsin Are Independent Predictors of Body Composition in Pregnant Zimbabwean Women

Friis

Gomo

et al. 2002

The Journal of Nutrition

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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection affects body composition, but their relationship has not been studied in pregnant women. We conducted a cross-sectional study among 1669 women receiving antenatal care between 22 and 35 wk of gestation in Harare, Zimbabwe. The role of HIV-1 status and viral load, malaria and elevated serum alpha(1)-antichymotrypsin (ACT, an acute phase protein) in weight, body mass index (BMI), arm circumference (AC), triceps skinfold thickness (TSF), and arm muscle (AMA) and fat (AFA) area were assessed using multiple linear regression analysis. The mean (range) age was 24.4 (14-45) y and gestational age 29 (22-35) wk. HIV infection was present in 31.5% of the women, malaria parasitemia in 0.4% and 11.4% had serum ACT >0.4 g/L. There was no difference in any anthropometric variable between HIV-infected and uninfected women. However, women with viral loads (genome equivalents/mL) between 4 and 5 and >5 log(10) had 1.1 [95% confidence interval (CI): -0.3, 2.3] and 2.5 (95% CI: 0.1, 5.1) kg lower weights compared with uninfected women; this was explained by losses of both AFA and AMA. Malaria parasitemia was associated with 6 cm(2) (95% CI: 0.4; 11.8) or 25% lower AMA. Elevated serum ACT was a negative predictor of all anthropometric variables, i.e., levels between 0.3 and 0.4, 0.4 and 0.5 and >0.5 g/L were associated with 1, 2 and 6 kg lower mean body weights, respectively. Despite the limitations of a cross-sectional design, we conclude that arm fat and muscle areas, reflecting body fat and lean body mass, seem to be unaffected in the majority of HIV-infected pregnant women, but decline with increasing viral loads. The effects of viral load are not explained by elevated serum ACT, which is a strong independent predictor of all anthropometric variables.

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