Nutritional Status and Its Association with Cognitive Function among School Aged Children at Soddo Town and Soddo Zuriya District, Southern Ethiopia: Institution Based Comparative Study

Abstract

About 1 billion stunted school-aged children are growing up with impaired mental development which can lead to low cognitive performance, reduced school achievement, and low productivity. But there is scarce evidence on cognitive function, school performance and their associated factors among school aged children. The main aim of this study was to assess cognitive function, school performance and determine their association with nutritional status among school children aged 7 to 10 years at Soddo Town and Soddo Zuriya Woreda, Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Institutional comparative cross-sectional study was conducted on a total sample of 178 primary school children. The Raven’s Color Progressive Matrices (RCPM) and selected tests from Kaufman assessment battery for children second edition were used. Mid-year average students’ examination result was also used. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 25, WHO Anthro plus, and independent sample t-test. Bivariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were also used. Mean (±SD) cognitive test scores of urban study participants was 18.7 ± 3.4 for RCPM which was higher ( P < .001) as compared to rural (16.5 ± 3.3). The urban mean cognitive test scores was also higher for both pattern reasoning and visual processing with ( P < .001) as compared to rural counterparts. School performance was higher ( P < .001) for urban. Maternal education ( P < .002) and wealth index ( P < .006) were positively predicted while stunting ( P < .001) negatively predicted cognitive function test scores and school performance. Cognitive function and school performance of study participants were associated with their nutritional status and rural participants had significantly lower mean scores as compared to urban counterparts. Further study should be done to community level.

Nutritional status, dietary habits, and their relation to cognitive functions: A cross-sectional study among the school aged (8–14 years) children of Bangladesh

“…The study's results emphasize the significant correlation between BMI and cognitive function in school aged children. Although it is difficult to isolate the specific impact of nutrition due to its intricate interaction with factors such as demography, socioeconomic position, health, and genetic influences, this study supports previous research that emphasizes the crucial role of nutrition in cognitive development [16,31,32]. This study also corroborates global patterns of childhood obesity and overweight, consistent with findings from Dhaka city, which indicate the increased prevalence of overweight and obesity among school-going children [33].…”

Nutritional status and its associated factors among children

“…Poor nutritional status in children can hinder mental and physical growth and cognitive ability, leading to decreased work productivity in adulthood. [1][2][3] The literature defines malnutrition as a medical condition that occurs due to a deficiency or imbalance in the intake of essential nutrients for growth, cognitive activity, and all aspects related to life. Nutrient deficiencies can vary from mild to severe.…”

Blood pressure profile and nutritional status of pupils benefitting from the National Home-Grown School Feeding Programme in southwest Nigeria

“…11 Healthy school meal contributes to the nutritional status, cognitive development and the general well-being of school children. 12 Adverse health consequences during childhood have been reported to be significantly associated with childhood malnutrition which is responsible for half of the in-hospital mortalities and morbidity. 13 Double burden of malnutrition, which is the co-existence of undernutrition and over-nutrition among young children, overweight and obesity among older children, adolescents, and adults have been reported.…”