Nutritional Management of the Critically Ill Neurologic Patient

Twyman, Diana

doi:10.1016/s0749-0704(05)70295-5

Cited by 34 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Hyperglycemia is associated with a negative outcome in patients with TBI (Liu-DeRyke et al 2009). A subgroup analysis of the van den Berghe study (van den Berghe et al 2001) showed that intensified glucose control to levels between 80 and 110 mg/dL significantly reduced ventilation days, ICP, doses of catecholamine therapy, and the incidences of diabetes insipidus and critical illness polyneuropathy in patients with TBI (Twyman et al 1997).…”

Section: Glucosementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

RETRACTED CHAPTER: Brain Trauma and Nutritional Support

Wetsch¹,

Böttiger²,

Padosch³

2015

Diet and Nutrition in Critical Care

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Glucosementioning

confidence: 99%

“…5;Twyman 1997). The nutrition solution should contain an omega-6 to omega-3 ratio between 2:1 and 8:1 to minimize the negative effect of omega-6 fatty acids (Twyman 1997).…”

Section: Lipidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED CHAPTER: Brain Trauma and Nutritional Support

Wetsch¹,

Böttiger²,

Padosch³

2015

Diet and Nutrition in Critical Care

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The absence of posterior communicating arteries in Mongolian gerbils allowed for a reliable degree of forebrain ischemia with 5-min bilateral carotid artery occlusion [24]. The minimal surgical intervention was also a benefit for nutritional studies since the stress state and tissue wasting that accompanies surgery and neurotrauma [51] is not a significant feature of human stroke [52]. However, a recent report has demonstrated that posterior communicating arteries have now developed in 61% of gerbils [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein–energy malnutrition increases activation of the transcription factor, nuclear factor κB, in the gerbil hippocampus following global ischemia☆

Nazarali

Paterson

2008

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) exacerbates functional impairment caused by brain ischemia. This is correlated with reactive gliosis, which suggests an increased inflammatory response. The objective of the current study was to investigate if PEM increases hippocampal activation of nuclear factor κB (NFκB), a transcription factor that amplifies the inflammatory response involved in ischemic brain injury. Mongolian gerbils (11-12 weeks old) were randomly assigned to control diet (12.5% protein) or protein-deficient diet (2%) for 4 weeks. The 2% protein group had a 15% decrease in voluntary food intake (P<.001; unpaired t test), resulting in PEM. Body weight after 4 weeks was 20% lower in the PEM group (P<.001). Gerbils were then exposed to sham surgery or global ischemia induced by 5-min bilateral common carotid artery occlusion. PEM independently increased hippocampal NFκB activation detected by electrophoretic mobility shift assay at 6 h after surgery (P=.014; 2-factor ANOVA). Ischemia did not significantly affect NFκB activation nor was there interaction between diet and ischemia. Serum glucose and cortisol concentrations at 6 h postischemia were unaltered by diet or ischemia. A second experiment using gerbils of the same age and feeding paradigm demonstrated that PEM also increases hippocampal NFκB activation in the absence of surgery. These findings suggest that PEM, which exists in 16% of elderly patients at admission for stroke, may worsen outcome by increasing activation of NFκB. Since PEM increased NFκB activation independent of ischemia or surgery, the data also have implications for the inflammatory response of the many individuals affected globally by PEM.

show abstract

“…A hypercatabolic state is the consequence of amino acid mobilisation from skeletal muscles, gluconeogenesis, increased nitrogen excretion, loss of weight, and muscle wasting. In addition to the skeletal muscles, visceral and circulating protein will undergo proteolysis if aggressive nutritional support is not provided [60,62]. Hypermetabolic and hypercatabolic states can precipitate a condition of severe malnutrition that leads to several complications, such as poor wound healing, loss of body mass, immunosuppression, infection, and multiple organ failure [60,63].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selected pharmacokinetic issues of the use of antiepileptic drugs and parenteral nutrition in critically ill patients

Salih

Bahari

Arwa

2010

Nutr J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectivesTo conduct a systematic review for the evidence supporting or disproving the reality of parenteral nutrition- antiepileptic drugs interaction, especially with respect to the plasma protein-binding of the drug.MethodsThe articles related to the topic were identified through Medline and PubMed search (1968-Feburary 2010) for English language on the interaction between parenteral nutrition and antiepileptic drugs; the search terms used were anti-epileptic drugs, parenteral nutrition, and/or interaction, and/or in vitro. The search looked for prospective randomized and nonrandomized controlled studies; prospective nonrandomized uncontrolled studies; retrospective studies; case reports; and in vitro studies. Full text of the articles were then traced from the Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) library subscribed databases, including Wiley-Blackwell Library, Cochrane Library, EBSCOHost, OVID, ScienceDirect, SAGE Premier, Scopus, SpringerLINK, and Wiley InterScience. The articles from journals not listed by USM library were traced through inter library loan.ResultsThere were interactions between parenteral nutrition and drugs, including antiepileptics. Several guidelines were designed for the management of illnesses such as traumatic brain injuries or cancer patients, involving the use of parenteral nutrition and antiepileptics. Moreover, many studies demonstrated the in vitro and in vivo parenteral nutrition -drugs interactions, especially with antiepileptics.ConclusionsThere was no evidence supporting the existence of parenteral nutrition-antiepileptic drugs interaction. The issue has not been studied in formal researches, but several case reports and anecdotes demonstrate this drug-nutrition interaction. However, alteration in the drug-free fraction result from parenteral nutrition-drug (i.e. antiepileptics) interactions may necessitate scrupulous reassessment of drug dosages in patients receiving these therapies. This reassessment may be particularly imperative in certain clinical situations characterized by hypoalbuminemia (e.g., burn patients).

show abstract

Nutritional Management of the Critically Ill Neurologic Patient

Cited by 34 publications

References 23 publications

RETRACTED CHAPTER: Brain Trauma and Nutritional Support

RETRACTED CHAPTER: Brain Trauma and Nutritional Support

Protein–energy malnutrition increases activation of the transcription factor, nuclear factor κB, in the gerbil hippocampus following global ischemia☆

Selected pharmacokinetic issues of the use of antiepileptic drugs and parenteral nutrition in critically ill patients

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About