Nutritional and household risk factors for xerophthalmia in Aceh, Indonesia: a case-control study

Mele, Lisa; West, Keith P.; Kusdiono,; Pandji, A; Nendrawati, H; Tilden, Robert L.; Tarwotjo, Ignatius

doi:10.1093/ajcn/53.6.1460

Cited by 50 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Another study in Nepal by Christian et al (1996) also showed that XN pregnant women were less likely to have consumed milk, mangoes and DGLV than that of matched controls. A study in Aceh, Indonesia used logistic regression analysis to examine the relationship of various factors with xerophthalmia and reported that the consumption of DGLV, yellow fruits and eggs was inversely related to the risk of xerophthalmia (Mele et al, 1991). Multiple regression analysis of our data reveals that the frequency of intake of DGLV is signi®cantly independently related to serum vitamin A level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Vitamin A deficiency among adolescent female garment factory workers in Bangladesh

Ahmed¹,

hasan²,

Kabir

1997

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objective: To investigate the prevalence of vitamin A de®ciency among adolescent female factory workers in Bangladesh, and examine the association between various factors and vitamin A status. Design: A cross-sectional study. Setting: Garment factories in Dhaka city, Bangladesh. Subjects: Three hundred and eighty eight adolescent girls aged 12±19 y from ten garment factories were selected randomly for the present study. Information on socio-economic conditions and usual pattern of dietary intake were obtained by interview. Anthropometric data and blood samples were collected following the interview. Results: By NCHS reference standard, 15.5% of the participants were thin (`90% Wt/Ht) and about 7% overweight (b120% Wt/Ht). In about 56%, serum vitamin A level was below the adequate level of 1.05 mmol/l, with 14% having vitamin A de®ciency (`0.70 mmol/l). Forty four per cent of the participants were found to be anaemic (haemoglobin`120 g/l). Food frequency data on vitamin A rich foods revealed that a large percentage of the participants do not take eggs (41%), milk (64%), liver (85%) and sweet pumpkin (85%); while about 40% of the girls take dark green leafy vegetables (DGLV) and 17% take small ®sh at least four servings a week. The girls who consumed four or more servings per week of DGLV had signi®cantly higher serum vitamin A level than the girls who took three servings or less. There was a signi®cant positive association between the level of serum vitamin A and frequency of intake of DGLV (r 0.12; P 0.023). When age, level of education, percapita income, haemoglobin concentration, serum protein concentration, menstruation at the time of blood collection, prevalence of current morbidity, frequency of intake of egg, milk, small ®sh, DGLV, liver and sweet pumpkin were accounted for by multiple regression analysis, a strong relationship was found for serum vitamin A concentration with age, menstruation, haemoglobin level and frequency of intake of DGLV. For every unit change in the frequency of consumption of DGLV, there was 0.013 mmol/l change in serum vitamin A level whilst taking other factors into account. Conclusion: The data show that there is a high prevalence of subclinical vitamin A de®ciency among the adolescent female garment factory workers in Bangladesh, although the anthropometric indices suggest that they do not suffer from acute undernutrition. Consumption of DGLV appears to have an important relation with the vitamin A status of these girls.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Vitamin A deficiency among adolescent female garment factory workers in Bangladesh

Ahmed¹,

hasan²,

Kabir

1997

Eur J Clin Nutr

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“…The relation between dietary practice and prevalence of xerophthalmia is well documented (Hussain et al 1993;Tarwotjo et al 1982;Sole et al 1987;Fawzi et al 1993;Mele et al 1991;Cohen et al 1985b). Studies conducted by Tarwotjo et al (1982), Sole et al (1987) and Fawzi et al (1993) suggested that increased consumption with provitamin A-rich foods is likely to reduce the occurrence of nutritional blindness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Sustainability of a nutrition education programme to prevent night‐blindness in Bangladesh

Hussain

Kvåle

1996

Tropical Med Int Health

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SummaryCross-sectional surveys were conducted to assess prevalence of night-blindness and dietary habits prior to intervention (in 1986), after 3 years of intervention (in 1989) and 3 years after the termination of active intervention (in 1 9 9 2 )~ in the northern part of Bangladesh. The prevalence of night-blindness per thousand children decreased from 1986 to 1989 (during intervention) and rose from 1989 to 1992, but remained significantly lower in 1992 than the 1986 prevalence. Household income declined from 1989 to 1992, and lower consumption of S-carotene rich food, protein items and vitamin A capsules was registered in 1992 despite almost the same level of awareness relating to the prevention of night-blindness in the community during the period 1989-1992. The results indicate that the long-term impact of a health education programme to prevent night-blindness is uncertain. Improvement in socioeconomic conditions, in addition to relevant knowledge, is probably a precondition for maintaining a sustainable impact of health education.keywords nutritiodhealth education, sustainability, night blindness, Bangladesh

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“…[72][73][74][75][76][77] Night blindness and/or con-junctival signs of vitamin A deficiency have been associated more commonly with stunting. [74][75][76] However, most of these studies were cross sectional and did not adequately control for confounding variables that are commonly associated with vitamin A deficiency (e.g.…”

Section: Observational Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of vitamin A in reducing child mortality and morbidity and improving growth

Ramakrishnan¹,

Martorell²

1998

Salud pública Méx

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ARTÍCULO DE REVISIÓN The role of vitamin A in reducing child mortalityRamakrishnan U, Martorell R.The role of vitamin A in reducing child mortality and morbidity and improving growth. Salud Publica Mex 1998;40:189-198. AbstractThis is an update of knowledge on the role of the vitamin A status in determining child mortality, morbidity and growth. Recent information confirms the earlier conclusion of Beaton et al. that a 23% reduction in young child mortality results following improvements in the vitamin A status. Studies show that the mortality effect is primarily due to reductions in deaths due to acute gastroenteritis and measles but not acute respiratory infections (ARI) and malaria. While improvement of the vitamin A status enhances the survival of older preschool children, it remains unclear whether it benefits infants (i.e. <6 months). Vitamin A supplementation does not reduce the overall incidence and prevalence of common childhood illness; however, it reduces the incidence of more severe episodes of diarrhea. Also, vitamin A supplementation either during and/or immediately after the illness does not improve its symptomatology. Finally, contrary to earlier expectations, recently completed, placebocontrolled randomized interventions have failed to detect improvements in child growth. ResumenLa presente es una revisión del conocimiento actual sobre el papel de la vitamina A en la mortalidad, morbilidad y crecimiento infantiles. Recientemente, algunas investigaciones han confirmado la conclusión de Beaton y colaboradores (1993) que indica que se puede reducir la mortalidad infantil en un 23% mejorando el estado de la vitamina A. Se ha demostrado que este efecto se debe a la reducción de la mortalidad por gastroenteritis aguda y sarampión y no por infecciones respiratorias agudas y paludismo. Queda claro que el mejoramiento del estado de la vitamina A favorece la sobrevivencia de los niños prescolares mayores; sin embargo, no se ha definido si también beneficia a los infantes (<6 meses). El suplemento de vitamina A no reduce la incidencia total ni la prevalencia de enfermedades comunes de la niñez; sin embargo, sí reduce la incidencia de episodios graves de diarrea. Asimismo, tal suplementación, ya sea durante o inmediatamente después de la enfermedad, no mejora la sintomatología. Finalmente, en contra de lo esperado, estudios recientes con asignación aleatoria a grupos que reciben vitamina A o un placebo indican que la vitamina A no mejora el crecimiento de los niños.

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Nutritional and household risk factors for xerophthalmia in Aceh, Indonesia: a case-control study

Cited by 50 publications

References 24 publications

Vitamin A deficiency among adolescent female garment factory workers in Bangladesh

Vitamin A deficiency among adolescent female garment factory workers in Bangladesh

Sustainability of a nutrition education programme to prevent night‐blindness in Bangladesh

The role of vitamin A in reducing child mortality and morbidity and improving growth

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