Nutrient accumulation and biomass production of alfafa after soil amendment with silicates

Abstract

RESUMO Acúmulo de nutrientes e produção de biomassa de plantas de alfafa após correção do solo com silicatosPesquisas sobre o uso agronômico de corretivos à base de silicatos têm apontado o grande potencial desses insumos, no sentido de promover melhorias químicas do solo. Há poucas informações, porém, sobre as taxas de reatividade de suas frações granulométricas. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar se a eficiência relativa de reatividade das frações granulométricas, obtidas experimentalmente, poderiam ser consideradas no cálculo do PRNT para prática da calagem, proporcionando adequado desenvolvimento de plantas de alfafa. Utilizaram-se seis tratamentos, que consistiram em duas escórias, aplicadas em duas doses, uma utilizando-se do PRNT medido experimentalmente e, a outra, do PRNT determinado em laboratório; calcário dolomítico e wollastonita, aplicados em uma dose, utilizando-se o PRNT determinado em laboratório. As doses dos corretivos foram calculadas a fim de elevar a saturação por bases a 80 %, considerando o PRNT experimental e de laboratório. Os tratamentos foram aplicados a dois solos: Latossolo Vermelho distrófico e Nitossolo Vermelho eutrófico. Os métodos de determinação de PRNT preconizados para calcários podem ser aplicados para escórias de siderurgia. A aplicação das escórias proporcionou ação corretiva do solo, com consequente maior acúmulo de Ca, P, e Si nas plantas de alfafa, favorecendo sua produção de matéria seca.Palavras-chave: escória de aciaria, acidez, PRNT, Medicago sativa L.. Received: 04/03/2013; Approved:11/02/2014 Studies on the use of silicate correctives in agriculture show that they have great potential to improve soil chemical characteristics, however, little information is available on the reactivity rates of their particle-size fractions. This study investigated whether the reactivity rates obtained experimentally could be considered in the calculation of ECC (effective calcium carbonate) for soil liming, promoting adequate development of alfalfa plants. Six treatments were evaluated in the experiment, consisting of two slag types applied in two rates. The experimental ECC was used to calculate one of the rates and the ECC determined in the laboratory was used to calculate the other. Rates of limestone and wollastonite were based on the ECC determined in laboratory. The rates of each soil acidity corretive were calculated to increase the base saturation to 80%. The treatments were applied to a Rhodic Hapludox and an Alfisol Ferrudalfs. The methods for ECC determination established for lime can be applied to steel slag. The application of slag corrected soil acidity with consequent accumulation of Ca, P, and Si in alfalfa, favoring DM production.

Effect of liming of sod-podzolic soils with by-products of steel production on soil acidity and composition of wash water (column experiments)

“…Correction of acidity with slag occurs similarly to the use of limestone. In addition to the decrease in acidity levels, Ca and Mg supply also occurs in soil (Torkashvand and Sedaghathoor 2007;Deus et al 2014;Mantovani et al, 2016). Suwarno et al, 2001) found that application of steel slag showed positive effect on plant growth compared to the dolomite liming that had no effect on P uptake by plants.…”

“…Shilnikov et al (2011) generalized results of lysimetric studies over 25 years and have shown that to compensate for the natural removal of magnesium and calcium from soils, their annual intake of at least 400-450 kg / ha in terms of CaCO3 is required. Various researchers reported results of using steel slag in agriculture and showed that the correct application of these waste materials increase the pH in acidic soils, increase content of phosphorus, calcium and magnesium, as well as increase the content of silicon (Deus et al 2014;Mantovani et al 2016;Souza and Korndörfer 2010), thus ultimately contributing to the increase in crop yields (Deus et al 2018).…”

The Comprehensive Utilization of Steel Slag in Agricultural Soils

“…The results of the researchers with the use of steel slag in agriculture have demonstrated that the proper application of these residues brings benefits on the chemical attributes of the soil, such as increase of pH in acidic soils; increase in the nutrient content of phosphorus, calcium, and magnesium; and increase in the content of the beneficial element silicon [6,[11][12][13][14]; these aspects contribute to greater crop production.…”

“…Correction of acidity with slag occurs similarly to the use of limestone. In addition to the decrease in acidity levels, Ca and Mg supply also occurs in soil [6,11,12], with positive effects for crops such as potatoes, rice, black oats, beans, soybeans, alfalfa, coffee, and sugarcane, among others, making steel slag a source capable of being used instead of limestone [11,13,[17][18][19][20][21]23].…”

Effects of Slag-Based Fertilizer to Mitigate Salinity Stress on Greenhouse Durum Wheat (Triticum Durum Desf.) Cultivars

“…Iron and steel slags were used in the pot experiments, which showed an increase in corn dry matter yield and Fe uptake for moderate rates of slag without having any negative phytotoxic consequences (Wang & Cai, 2006). Other experiments showed the benefits of steel slag on the chemical attributes of the soil, such as increase in the content of phosphorus, calcium and magnesium (Deus et al, 2014;Deus et al, 2018).…”