Nursery of the pink shrimp Farfantepenaeus paulensis in cages with artificial substrates: Biofilm composition and shrimp performance

Stocking density for freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (Decapoda, Palaemonidae) in biofloc system

“…This technique was initially developed for the production of tilapia (Avnimelech et al, 1995) and has shown promising results for the marine shrimp farming (Krummenauer et al, 2011;Wasielesky Jr. et al, 2013). The bioflocs are formed by organic particles that remain suspended in the water column, they are composed of a large amount of hetero-trophic bacteria, flagellates, ciliates, cyanobacteria, microalgae, small metazoans and fungi (Avnimelech, 2012), microorganisms that are known for the high content of nutrients essential to shrimp, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids and essential amino acids (Ballester et al, 2007).…”

Untitled

“…Many studies have illustrated that artificial substrates could increase shrimp growth and survival (Sandifer et al, 1987;Tidwell et al, 1998;Peterson and Griffith, 1999;Bratvold et al, 2001;Moss and Moss, 2004;Arnold et al, 2006;Zarain-Herzberg et al, 2006;Ballester et al, 2007;Arnold et al, 2009). The conclusion was strengthened by the results of this study.…”

“…The structure of artificial substrates was based on the description of previous study (Ballester et al, 2007) (Figure 1). It consisted of two modified polypropylene fabrics screens (50 × 100 cm, 0.2 cm thickness) with a large rough surface area and loose porous inner structure.…”

“…Studies indicate that artificial substrates could increase the natural food supplement for shrimp, improve the water quality of ponds, and control the disease bacteria as biofilms (Thompson et al, 1999(Thompson et al, , 2002Bratvold and Browdy, 2001;Burford et al, 2004;Preto et al, 2005;Arnold et al, 2005Arnold et al, , 2006ZarainHerzberg et al, 2006;Ballester et al, 2007;Arnold et al, 2009). No research about the effects of artificial substrates on shrimp non-specific immunity factors was reported.…”

Quality of Extensive Brackish Water Polyculture Farm Effluents at Different Production Levels and its Impact on the Receiving Environment

“…Lower value in EC, EL and EM indicated proper utilization at lower production levels. Nutrients brought with SW and additional nutrients supplied through feed in EL and EM was properly utilized by phytoplankton, macro algae and periphytic algae grown on macroalgae and reduced their level in effluents [24,25]. Higher quantity of nutrient supply through feed in EH might have crossed the limit of utilization capacity of the autotrophs.…”