Numerical experiments investigating the mechanisms of a heavy rainfall event over northeastern Taiwan and a mesovortex during TAMEX

Chen, C.-S.; Lu, Chih-Wen; Chen, W.-C.

doi:10.1007/s00703-006-0201-z

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The analysis of convective and stratiform rainfall associated with the tropical depression showed that convective rainfall was dominant during both the events (not shown). It is well-known perception that better horizontal and vertical resolution is crucial in studying convective rainfall over tropics (Alpaty et al 1994;Chen et al 2007). Thus, the better performance of the MM5 model implemented with the assimilation of MODIS data could be attributed to these factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, the forecast of heavy rainfall and improving the quality of heavy rainfall forecast over this region is both crucial and urgent. In recent years, most of the meteorological agencies and researchers depend on the guidance from numerical weather prediction (NWP) models to tackle with such heavy rain events (Chen et al 2007). Rakesh et al (2007Rakesh et al ( , 2009a) evaluated the precipitation skill by one of the most widely used Pennsylvania State University/National Center for Atmospheric Research (PSU/NCAR) mesoscale model (MM5) over the Indian region and pointed that skill of precipitation forecast by the model is still not satisfactory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of satellite soundings on the simulation of heavy rainfall associated with tropical depressions

et al. 2010

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The present study is carried out to examine the impact of temperature and humidity profiles from moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) or/and atmospheric infrared sounder (AIRS) on the numerical simulation of heavy rainfall events over the India. The Pennsylvania State University-National Centre for Atmospheric Research fifth-generation mesoscale model (MM5) and its three-dimensional variational (3D-Var) assimilation technique is used for the numerical simulations. The heavy rainfall events occurred during October 26-29, 2005, and October 27-30, 2006, were chosen for the numerical simulations. The results showed that there were large differences observed in the initial meteorological fields from control experiment (CNT; without satellite data) and assimilation experiments (MODIS (assimilating MODIS data), AIRS; (assimilating AIRS data); BOTH (assimilating MODIS and AIRS data together)). The assimilation of satellite data (MODIS, AIRS, and BOTH) improved the predicted thermal and moisture structure of the atmosphere when compared to CNT. Among the experiments, the predicted track of tropical depressions from MODIS was closer to the observed track. Assimilation of MODIS data also showed positive impact on the spatial distribution and intensity of predicted rainfall associated with the depressions. The statistical skill scores obtained for different experiments showed that assimilation of satellite data (MODIS, AIRS, and BOTH) improved the rainfall prediction skill when compared to CNT. Root mean square error in quantitative rainfall prediction is less in the experiment which assimilated MODIS data when compared to other experiments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of satellite soundings on the simulation of heavy rainfall associated with tropical depressions

et al. 2010

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“…Short-term heavy rainfall events are also linked with topography. Chen et al (2007) emphasized that orographic lifting and ascending motion produce heavy rainfall over Northeastern Taiwan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Joint influence of anomalous medium‐ and small‐scale circulations on short‐term heavy rainfall events over Beijing

Yang¹,

Wang²,

Nan

2020

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Dense auto‐weather station data, variational doppler radar analysis system (fast updating radar four‐dimensional variation analysis system) data, radiosonde data and ERA‐Interim reanalysis data are used to investigate the joint influence of anomalous medium and small‐scale circulations associated with short‐term heavy rainfall events, which are influenced by the interaction between Pacific subtropical high and westerly trough (Type i) over Beijing between June and August 2007–2014. This Type i primarily comprises short‐term heavy rainfall events over Beijing. The results show that short‐term heavy rainfall events appear mainly over Northeastern and Southwestern Beijing, especially Northeastern Beijing, and generally reach a peak at dusk (19:00–21:00). Large‐scale circulations (an anomalous high in the east and an anomalous low in the west over Eastern Asia) favour the southeastern and southwestern winds to transport water vapour northward to Beijing. An anomalous mesoscale cyclone moves from west to northeast via the north to Beijing at approximately 20:00. An abnormal air temperature structure (warm and wet air at whole levels), an abnormal mesoscale circulation structure (with lower‐level convergence and mid‐upper‐level divergence) and the resulting abnormal vertical upward movement are well developed over Beijing. The upward branch over the southern outskirt of the anomalous mesoscale cyclone partly overlaps with that of the anomalous small‐scale cyclonic circulations or convergence lines (anomalous thunderstorm highs), and a striking vertical upward motion is produced. One airstream of the upward branches moves into the upper divergence region (it “pumps” mid‐lower level air into the mid‐upper levels) and makes the upward motion more vigorous. Another airstream turns around and descends fiercely to the surface (downward branches of anomalous thunderstorm highs); that is, the anomalous thunderstorm highs are reinforced, and the frequency peak in the short‐term heavy rainfall events occurs at dusk. The short‐term heavy rainfall events weaken at night. The analyses of vertical velocity anomalies for anomalous medium‐scale cyclone as well as turbulent vertical velocities and diagnostic radar echoes for anomalous small‐scale circulations in the heavy rainfall event on July 21, 2012 further verify the statistical results.

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“…In addition to favorable large-scale settings, orographic effects may play an important role for the occurrence of excessive rainfall (Li et al 1997;Chen 2000;Yeh and Chen 2002;Chen et al 2005Chen et al , 2007aChen et al , 2010aChen et al , 2010bChen et al , 2011Wang et al 2005). Although heavy rainfall events over northern Taiwan are not as frequent as in southwestern Taiwan (Chen et al 2007a), some heavy rainfall events in northern Taiwan have produced severe damage because of the dense population (Chen 1994;Chen et al 2007b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting the Heavy Rainfall Event over Northern Taiwan on 3 June 1984

Chen¹,

Chen²,

Chen³

et al. 2013

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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In this study, the mechanisms for the development of a localized heavy rainfall event during the evening of 2 June to the early morning of 3 June 1984 over northern Taiwan are investigated. This event occurred under favorable large-scale conditions including: upper-level divergence; low-level high equivalent potential temperature; low levels of free convection; and subsynoptic-scale ascending motion over the northern Taiwan Strait and northern Taiwan associated with a baroclinic front. In the late night of 2 June, pre-existing rainfall is simulated to the southeast of a trough axis over the southeastern China coast as well as in the frontal zone north of Taiwan. The pre-existing rainfall is enhanced as it moves over the northeastern Taiwan Strait where the prevailing southwesterly winds within the Taiwan Strait converge with the orographically deflected flow with a southerly wind component off the western/northwestern Taiwan coast. As the pre-existing convective rainfall continues to move toward northern Taiwan, it is further enhanced in a localized low-level convergence zone over the northwestern coast where a barrier jet along the coast converges with the northwesterly winds behind the surface front. Furthermore, on the morning of 3 June, focusing of rainfall is simulated where the barrier jet encounters the leading edge of the cold pool caused by rain evaporative cooling. As the convective rainfall areas drift inland, the orographic lifting of the pre-frontal southwesterly flow over the slopes south of the Taipei Basin also plays a role in the simulated enhanced heavy rainfall there.

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Numerical experiments investigating the mechanisms of a heavy rainfall event over northeastern Taiwan and a mesovortex during TAMEX

Cited by 7 publications

References 29 publications

Impact of satellite soundings on the simulation of heavy rainfall associated with tropical depressions

Impact of satellite soundings on the simulation of heavy rainfall associated with tropical depressions

Joint influence of anomalous medium‐ and small‐scale circulations on short‐term heavy rainfall events over Beijing

Revisiting the Heavy Rainfall Event over Northern Taiwan on 3 June 1984

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