Superconducting Bi-2223/Ag composites were prepared and the microstructure was
thoroughly studied. A 20 nm thick amorphous–nanocrystalline phase was observed at the
interface between the superconductor and the Ag. SEM/HREM/EDX observations were
used to study this nanolayer and the results point to incongruent melting as the most
probable cause of this phenomenon. The change in concentration of the Bi-2223 phase with
the addition of Ag is elucidated in terms of the difference between the sintering
temperature used and the incongruent melting. It is suggested that the frequently observed
penetration of the ceramic phase into the Ag can be explained by the interfacial energy
model.