Nuclear Anomalies, Chromosomal Aberrations and Proliferation Rates in Cultured Lymphocytes of Head and Neck Cancer Patients

George, Alex; Dey, Rupraj; Bhuria, Vikas; Banerjee, Shouvik; Ethirajan, Sivakumar; Siluvaimuthu, Ashok; Saraswathy, Radha

doi:10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.3.1119

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Also the metabolic syndromes like obesity and hypertension are the leading possible factors for renal cell carcinoma which are linked to diabetes mellitus (Satrudhan et al, 2012). Also studies has shown oxidative stress correlated with DNA damage (Cinkilic et al, 2009) in T2DM and T1DM patients and an increase in genomic instability in precancerous patients (George et al, 2014). Thus oxidative damage over time may cause genomic instability and may lead to cancers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Diabetes - Increased Risk for Cancers through Chromosomal Aberrations?

Anand

Nath²,

Saraswathy³

2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Diabetes, a comprehensive genetic disease, is principally due to the deregulation of glucose levels in the blood. In addition to contemporary epidemiological studies, systematic substantiation suggests that long-term diabetes leads to cancers due to a variety of reasons. In this study, blood samples were collected with informed consent from confirmed type I diabetic (T1DM, n=25) and type II Diabetic patients (T2DM, n=25) with equal numbers of controls. Further depending on the lifestyle habits they were subdivided into smokers/non-smokers and alcoholics/non-alcoholics. Chromosomal assays were performed for these cases and it was found that there was a significant increase in chromosomal aberration frequency in diabetic patient groups who are exposed to smoking and alcohol than that of normal diabetic groups (T1DM and T2DM). On the other hand, patient groups who were non-smoking and non-alcoholics also showed higher chromosomal aberrations when compared to that of controls. While the mechanisms for these increased chromosomal aberrations in diabetic groups are not clear, they may be due to increased oxidative stress leading to oxidative damage and resulting in genomic instability, which in turn may contribute to an increased risk for cancer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Diabetes - Increased Risk for Cancers through Chromosomal Aberrations?

Anand

Nath²,

Saraswathy³

2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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“…An increased MN frequency in the circulating lymphocytes indicates increased cancer risk for those exposed to genotoxic agents (Znaor et al, 2003;Bonassi et al, 2007;. The CBMN assay is increasingly used these days to assess the cancer risk associated to genotoxic exposures (El-Zein et al, 2011) and genomic instability of several diseases (Wu et al, 2012;Abdullah and Orta, 2012;Wang et al, 2013;Sitaraman et al, 2014;George et al, 2014;Soares et al, 2014;Main et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Micronucleus Frequency in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes Contributes to Cancer Risk in the Methyl Isocyanate-Affected Population of Bhopal

Senthilkumar¹,

Akhter²,

Malla³

et al. 2015

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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The Bhopal gas tragedy involving methyl isocyanate (MIC) is one of the most horrific industrial accidents in recent decades. We investigated the genotoxic effects of MIC in long-term survivors and their offspring born after the 1984 occurrence. There are a few cytogenetic reports showing genetic damage in the MIC-exposed survivors, but there is no information about the associated cancer risk. The same is true about offspring. For the first time, we here assessed the micronucleus (MN) frequency using cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus (CBMN) assay to predict cancer risk in the MIC-affected population of Bhopal. A total of 92 healthy volunteers (46 MICaffected and 46 controls) from Bhopal and various regions of India were studied taking gender and age into consideration. Binucleated lymphocytes with micronuclei (BNMN), total number of micronuclei in lymphocytes (MNL), and nuclear division index (NDI) frequencies and their relationship to age, gender and several lifestyle variabilities (smoking, alcohol consumption and tobacco-chewing) were investigated. Our observations showed relatively higher BNMN and MNL (P<0.05) in the MIC-affected than in the controls. Exposed females (EF) exhibited significantly higher BNMN and MNL (P<0.01) than their unexposed counterparts. Similarly, female offspring of the exposed (FOE) also suffered higher BNMN and MNL (P<0.05) than in controls. A significant reduction in NDI (P<0.05) was found only in EF. The affected group of non-smokers and non-alcoholics featured a higher frequency of BNMN and MNL than the control group of non-smokers and non-alcoholics (P<0.01). Similarly, the affected group of tobacco chewers showed significantly higher BNMN and MNL (P<0.001) than the non-chewers. Amongst the affected, smoking and alcohol consumption were not associated with statistically significant differences in BNMN, MNL and NDI. Nevertheless, tobacco-chewing had a preponderant effect with respect to MNL. A reasonable correlation between MNL and lifestyle habits (smoking, alcohol consumption and tobacco-chewing) was observed only in the controls. Our results suggest that EF and FOE are more susceptible to cancer development, as compared to EM and MOE. The genotoxic outcome detected in FOE reflects their parental exposure to MIC. Briefly, the observed cytogenetic damage to the MIC-affected could contribute to cancer risk, especially in the EF and FOE.

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“…NA analysis complements MN analysis, so these were observed in tandem with MNs. In buccal cells we looked for the presence of bridges, constrictions, elongated nuclei, kidney-shaped nuclei, notched, lobed nuclei, binucleated, in prophase and apoptotic cells while in lymphocytes we looked for the presence of bridges, buds, tails, dumbbell-shaped nuclei, irregularly shaped, fused, horseshoe-shaped, circular-shaped, binucleated, apoptotic cells and necrotic cells (Torrez-Bugarín and Ramos-Ibarra 2013; George et al 2014;Fenech et al 2016;Kravtsov et al 2017;Nersesyan et al 2022). The frequency of nuclear abnormalities (NA%) for each cell type was calculated with the following formula (Drumond et al 2012):…”

Section: -Blood Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold Mining and Genotoxic Effects on Vicuñas: A Comparative Study of Buccal Cells and Lymphocytes

Romero,

Rodrigo,

Loayza

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The vicuña (Vicugna vicugna) is a wild camelid native from South America, known for its highly valued fiber. In Bolivia, the Apolobamba protected area is a key area for vicuña conservation and Apolobamba’s indigenous communities sustainably harvest the fiber of wild vicuña. The vicuña is an important cultural and economic resource, as well as an indicator of ecosystem health. Over the last decade gold mining activities have increased in Apolobamba potentially causing high levels of mercury contamination, endangering the health of vicuñas, humans, and terrestrial ecosystems. This study used genotoxicity markers: micronuclei (MN) and nuclear abnormalities (NA) in buccal cells and lymphocytes of vicuñas in 13 vicuña management communities in Apolobamba. A mean frequency of 0.48% MN and 14.91% NA was found in buccal cells, and 0.32% MN and 57.13% NA in lymphocytes. A higher frequency of MN in buccal cells was expected as they are the first barrier to inhalation or ingestion of genotoxic agents. However, a higher frequency of NA in lymphocytes suggests a possible prevalence of damage. Furthermore, a gradient of MN frequency was observed consistently with mining activity, but mining may not be the only cause of this damage, as vicuñas are exposed to mixtures of environmental chemicals, including traces of microplastics and persistent organic pollutants that have been detected in the area too. These findings provide a baseline for future vicuña populations monitoring and can be used as bio monitors and sentinels of environmental pollution.

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Nuclear Anomalies, Chromosomal Aberrations and Proliferation Rates in Cultured Lymphocytes of Head and Neck Cancer Patients

Cited by 11 publications

References 20 publications

Diabetes - Increased Risk for Cancers through Chromosomal Aberrations?

Diabetes - Increased Risk for Cancers through Chromosomal Aberrations?

Increased Micronucleus Frequency in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes Contributes to Cancer Risk in the Methyl Isocyanate-Affected Population of Bhopal

Gold Mining and Genotoxic Effects on Vicuñas: A Comparative Study of Buccal Cells and Lymphocytes

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