Novel uses of rice-husk-ash (a natural silica-carbon matrix) in low-cost water purification applications

Malhotra, Chetan P.; Patil, Rajshree; Kausley, Shankar B.; Ahmad, Dilshad

doi:10.1063/1.4810040

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…India is one of the highest rice producing countries in the world. Around 122 million tons of rice is grown annually from which 24 million tons of rice husk is separated [2] . Rice husk waste can cause air and water pollution [3] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Rice Husk Particle Size on ZSM‐5 Physico‐Chemical Properties for Selective Formation of 1,3,5‐Trimethyl‐2‐Benzylbenzene (Pharmaceutical Intermediate)

et al. 2021

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Rice husk, rich in silica and abundantly available as waste, is presently destroyed by burning, which creates environmental issues. Thus, it will be advantageous if this rice husk waste can be used for preparation of valuable products. One of the application is its use as silica source in the synthesis of zeolites like ZSM‐5, which are silico‐aluminates. Rice husk waste is available in wide range of particle sizes in agricultural farms. There is no study available in open literature on use of these wide particle ranges for its direct application. This paper is an attempt to use wide particle size rice husk, its effect on ZSM‐5 synthesis and its physico‐chemical properties. Further these prepared ZSM‐5 catalyst was evaluated for benzylation of mesitylene reaction. The study found that, rice husk of 600 μm particle size is optimum as far as ZSM‐5 synthesis, its physicochemical properties and further its application in mesitylene benzylation reaction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Around 122 million tons of rice is grown annually from which 24 million tons of rice husk is separated. [2] Rice husk waste can cause air and water pollution. [3] On burning rice husk, carbon free white ash known as rice husk ash (RHA) is yielded which contains 88.86 % SiO 2 , 6.4 % Al 2 O 3 , 0.35 % Fe 2 O 3 and 1.16 % alkalies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Rice Husk Particle Size on ZSM‐5 Physico‐Chemical Properties for Selective Formation of 1,3,5‐Trimethyl‐2‐Benzylbenzene (Pharmaceutical Intermediate)

et al. 2021

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“…The high silica content in RHA has been employed for the production of silicon carbide, sodium silicate, zeolite and silica gel. Silica gels have been employed to remove heavy metals and organic pollutants from aqueous system [13][14][15]. Silica is a polymer of silicic acid made of inter-linked SiO 4 repeating units in tetrahedral arrangement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-cost Rice Husk Ash and Silica for Chromium Ion Sorption from Aqueous System: Characterisation and Kinetics

Ajoke¹

2021

AJBIO

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Several materials have been developed and used to remove Chromate (VI) from industrial wastewater before discharge into the environment because of its toxicity and lethality. In this study, low-cost adsorbents (rice husk ash (RHA) and silica (RHS)) were prepared from rice husks purchased locally from a rice mill industry and characterised. While the crystallinity and mineralogy of the adsorbents were analysed using powdered XRD crystallography, analysis of the physicochemical properties was performed using standard procedures. Elemental analysis (CHN) was done using Perkin Elmer CHN elemental analyser and FTIR Spectrometer was used to determine the functional groups on the surface of the adsorbents at room temperature. The prepared samples were used as adsorbents for the removal of chromate (VI) ion in a batch sorption process with reaction conditions vis-a-viz adsorbent dosage = 0.5 g, adsorbate volume = 500 ml, adsorbate solution concentrations: 10-200 mg/l, time = 4 h, temperature = ambient temperature. The residual Cr (VI) concentration in the solution was analyzed spectrophotometrically at λ = 540 nm following the 1,5-diphenylcarbazide procedure. Results obtained for the characterisation of the adsorbents were similar and comparable with what obtained in literatures. Physico -chemical analysis revealed a high ash content of 89% and silica content of 95.83%. XRD analysis for the rice husk ash samples reflected the presence of cristobalite (SiO 2 ) in amorphous form and a characteristics broad peak at 2θ angle = 26.5°. FTIR analysis revealed the presence of silanol groups (Si-OH), silicic acid (Si-O-Si-OH) in the ash and Si-O-Si and Si-O) in the silica. The results of effect of time-concentration experiments of chromium ion sorption by the adsorbents revealed that Cr (VI) ion sorption was both time and initial solution concentration dependent with over 80% removal achieved within the first 30 min of contact for both adsorbents as the initial chromate concentration was increased. Kinetic modeling of the process showed up for pseudo second order, hinting on chemisorption as the mechanism of interaction.

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“…Therefore, rice husk ash management after burning is one of the environment issues in An Giang, especially in districts with large number of household brick kilns such as Cho Moi, Chau Thanh, and Chau Phu. On the other hand, with compositions such as amorphous silica, carbon and other minerals (Pode, 2016; Prasara-A and Gheewala, 2017; Kumar et al, 2013;Malhotra et al, 2013), RHA can be used in many scientific and industrial applications such as ceramics, glass, steel, cement, paints polymer composites, rubber, plastic, refractory and semiconducting materials, soaps, and pharmaceuticals. Besides, rice husk ash was also studied for lab-scale environmental applications such as water treatment and air pollution control (Thanh, 2016;Phan et al, 2018;Phan et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emission and management for rice husk ash in An Giang Province, Viet Nam

Nguyễn

Nguyen

et al. 2019

J. Viet. Env.

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An Giang province is one of the largest rice producer regions in Vietnam with 600,000 hectares of paddy field and 4 million tons of rice production every year. The rice milling industry generates a huge amount of rice husk (~23% of paddy rice). The rice husk is currently used as fuel around the province generating rice husk ash (RHA) which causes environmental and health issues. This study focuses on surveying and analyzing the current situation for utilization, management, treatment, and awareness of enterprises and community about generated RHA via a household investigation method. The results showed that, in average, a factory generates 862.4 tons of RHA per year, whereas half of them are reused or are sold for re-utilization in other factories, 56.3% are disposed in the private landfill of the factory, and 1.6 to 6.3 % are directly disposed to nearby rivers or in soil. Most of the interviewed citizens reported that they were aware of the RHA impact on the environment nevertheless, only 2% knew that RHA can be re-utilized for other purposes. Therefore, it is necessary to raise public awareness about the reuse and utilization of RHA to reduce the environmental impact and contribute to the sustainable development of the rice production. Tỉnh An Giang là một trong những vựa lúa lớn nhất Việt Nam, với diện tích khoảng 600.000 ha và sản lượng gần 4 triệu tấn/năm. Cùng với lúa, lượng trấu phát sinh từ quá trình xay xát đang được tái sử dụng làm nhiên liệu đốt cho các quá trình sản xuất khác ở địa phương. Tuy nhiên lượng tro sau quá trình đốt nhiên liệu trấu cũng đang tạo nên một áp lực lên chất lượng môi trường. Do vậy, nghiên cứu này tập trung vào việc khảo sát và phân tích hiện trạng sử dụng, quản lý, xử lý và nhận thức của cơ sở sản xuất hay cộng đồng đối với vấn đề phát thải tro trấu thông qua phương pháp điều tra thực tế. Kết quả cho thấy trung bình mỗi cơ sở phát sinh 862,4 tấn tro trấu/năm với khoảng phân nửa trong số đó được tái sử dụng, 56,3% xử lý bằng cách chôn lấp; 1,6% đến 6,3% xử lý bằng cách đổ bỏ. Hầu hết những người được phỏng vấn biết việc phát thải tro trấu có ảnh hưởng đến chất lượng môi trường, tuy nhiên chỉ có 2% hộ nhận thức được tro trấu có thể tái sử dụng cho các mục đích khác. Điều này cho thấy cần có biện pháp nâng cao nhận thức của cộng đồng đối với việc tái sử dụng tro trấu, nhằm góp phần giảm áp lực của phát thải lên môi trường và đóng góp vào sự phát triển của ngành sản xuất lúa gạo theo định hướng bền vững.

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Novel uses of rice-husk-ash (a natural silica-carbon matrix) in low-cost water purification applications

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of Rice Husk Particle Size on ZSM‐5 Physico‐Chemical Properties for Selective Formation of 1,3,5‐Trimethyl‐2‐Benzylbenzene (Pharmaceutical Intermediate)

Effect of Rice Husk Particle Size on ZSM‐5 Physico‐Chemical Properties for Selective Formation of 1,3,5‐Trimethyl‐2‐Benzylbenzene (Pharmaceutical Intermediate)

Low-cost Rice Husk Ash and Silica for Chromium Ion Sorption from Aqueous System: Characterisation and Kinetics

Emission and management for rice husk ash in An Giang Province, Viet Nam

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