Novel Methods to Detect Adulteration of Ghee or Milk Fat

Hariyani, AS; J.Thesiya, Ankitkumar; Hazra, Tanmay; Gol, J. B.; Chavan, Rupesh S.

doi:10.1201/9781315169408-9

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“…To be able to measure in this range, collected milk samples were diluted to 1:250 in PBS before measurement in microcuvette (centre H 15 mm, Brand Gmbh + Co KG) cuvettes. Milk fat was previously reported to absorb strongly at 220 nm [54], [55] in the ultraviolet (UV) range whereas in the Near-infrared (NIR) spectrum milk fat was previously reported to provide a peak at 968 nm [56]. However, absorbance values at 968 nm are very small compared to the 220 nm value because the water content present in milk interferes in this region and strongly absorbs the IR light [57].…”

Section: Characterisation Of Hydrodynamic Separation Performance Via ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of syringe pump fluctuations on cell-free layer in hydrodynamic separation microfluidic devices

et al. 2021

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Syringe pumps are widely used biomedical equipment which offer low-cost solutions to drive and control flow through microfluidic chips. However, they have been shown to transmit mechanical oscillations resulting from their stepper motors, into the flow, perturbing device performance. In this work, unlike previous studies at lower flow rates, we have uncovered that the relative pressure fluctuation plateau from 5mL/h onwards to approximately 2% of the average pressure. Furthermore, we find that absolute pressure fluctuations increase as a non-linear monotonic function of kinematic viscosity at flow rates in the 5-25 mL/h range, while the relative pressure fluctuations peak at 1.25 cSt. Using a novel low-cost coded compressive rotating mirror (CCRM) camera, we investigated the effect of fluctuations in a hydrodynamic microfluidic separation device based on a cell-free layer concept. Using this high-speed imaging set-up, we quantified the cell-free zone width fluctuations at bifurcations. We demonstrated that these fluctuations have the same frequency and amplitude than the syringe pump induced pressure oscillations. Finally, to illustrate that pressure fluctuations degrade the separation efficiency in such devices, we demonstrate using milk samples, instances of particles diverted to undesired outlets. This work provides an insight into the effect of syringe pump fluctuations on microfluidic separation, which will inform the design of microfluidic systems and improve their resilience to pulsating or fluctuating flow conditions.

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