Novel Equalization Techniques for Space Division Multiplexing Based on Stokes Space Update Rule

Abstract

Space division multiplexing (SDM) is a promising technology that aims to overcome the capacity crunch of optical communications. In this paper, we introduce the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) Stokes Space Algorithm (SSA) implemented in frequency domain, a novel equalization technique for space division multiplexing (SDM). Although different papers have been published about the SSA and its MIMO implementation, we provide for the first time an analysis of the of the convergence speed and frequency offset of the SSA compared to the least mean square (LMS). SSA algorithm can deal with higher frequency offsets and linewidths than LMS, being suitable for optical communications with higher phase noise. SSA does not need pre-compensation of frequency offset, which can be compensated after equalization without penalties. On the other hand, due to reduced convergence speed, SSA requires longer training sequences than LMS.

Optimal Tracking of QR Inspired LEA Using Particle Filter for Secured Visual MIMO Communication Based Vehicular Network

“…Another approach uses the Strokes transform in a uniform colored LEA to translate the Euclidean distributed LEDs to a 3-D stroke space. It enables LEDs to be placed across different layers of the stroke's dimensions, which minimizes the interference [27]. To facilitate real-time applications, a spatial clustering-based adaptive threshold technique has been proposed to minimize ambient and adjacent interference.…”