Novel bis-C60 derivative compared to other fullerene bis-adducts in high efficiency polymer photovoltaic cells

Benzocyclobutene-fullerene bisadducts as novel electron acceptors for enhancing open-circuit voltage in polymer solar cells

“…Thus, the optimized poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT):ICBA device exhibited up to 6.5% power conversion efficiency (PCE) with a improving V OC [17,19,20]. Recently, our group [8] and other groups [9,10] reported o-xylenyl C 60 bisadducts (OXCBA) obtained through the [4 þ2] cycloaddition. OXCBA also has a LUMO energy level that is approximately 0.2 eV higher than that of PCBM, which resulted in significantly enhanced PCEs.…”

“…Thus, raising the LUMO levels of the fullerene acceptors can be an efficient strategy for improving the V OC of PSCs. In particular, the introduction of additional solubilizing addend groups to C 60 could result in the formation of fullerene multiadducts, which have fewer π-electrons in the parent fullerene and increased the LUMO energy level and the V OC in PSCs [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. For example, the bisadduct of PCBM (bis-PCBM) had higher the LUMO level than that of PCBM, resulting in PSC devices with the greater V OC values [3,4,16].…”

“…Fullerene derivatives have been extensively studied as electron acceptors in polymer solar cells (PSCs) due to their high electron mobility and excellent electron-accepting ability from donor polymers [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Among these derivatives, phenyl-C 61 -butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) and its corresponding C 70 derivative, PC 71 BM, are predominantly used in efficient PSCs [1,3,4].…”

Novel organic dyes based on phenyl-substituted benzimidazole for dye sensitized solar cells

“…Similar type calculations including molecular structure simulations, electronic absorption spectrum and estimated energy levels have been applied for different organic structures/complexes [29,30] and photovoltaic organic materials [31] in the literature.…”

Facile synthesis and photovoltaic applications of a new alkylated bismethano fullerene as electron acceptor for high open circuit voltage solar cells

“…30 Aerwards, Laird and Li et al 26,29,31 reported a remarkable bis-adduct fullerene derivative, indene-C 60 bis-adduct (ICBA). Through the Diels-Alder reaction of indene with the C 60 , ICBA achieves a LUMO energy level that is 0.17 eV higher than that of singly functionalized PCBM.…”