Notes on Lagothrix flavicauda (Primates: Atelidae): oldest known specimen and the importance of the revisions of museum specimens

Abstract

The yellow-tailed woolly monkey, Lagothrixflavicauda (Humboldt, 1812), is a large atelid endemic to the cloud forests of Peru. The identity of this species was uncertain for at least 150 years, since its original description in 1812 without a voucher specimen. Additionally, the absence of expeditions to the remote Peruvian cloud forests made it impossible to collect material that would help to confirm the true identity of L.flavicauda during the 19th and first half of the 20th century. Until now, the specimens of L.flavicauda collected by H. Watkins, in 1925, in La Lejía (Amazonas, Peru) were thought to be the oldest ones deposited in any scientific collection. Nevertheless, after reviewing the databases of the several international museums and literature, we found one specimen of L.flavicauda deposited at the Muséum National d’histoire Naturelle (Paris, France) collected in 1900 by G.A. Baër, in the most eastern part of San Martín (Peru), where the presence of this species was not confirmed until 2011. Thus, Baër’s specimen represents the oldest known specimen of the yellow-tailed woolly monkey and the only one coming from the eastern part of the species’ distribution. Finally, we highlight the importance of online scientific databases for easily diagnosable species. However, caution needs to be taken when using them. We also discuss the value of scientific collections as sources of new discoveries.

New records of chewing lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) parasites of Brazilian Anhimidae, Threskiornithidae, and Aramidae (Aves)

“…The material deposited at museums represents an endless source of knowledge about biodiversity, so the specimens must be treated as unique and irreplaceable. The revision of scientific material brings not only new data and even new species, but also has a terrific potential to discover new or historical localities (Serrano-Villavicencio & Silveira, 2019). Mey (2002) attests that studies using bird skins have not been established by museums to later examine the specimens for the occurrence of ectoparasites.…”

Out of Their Shells: Digitisation of Endangered Diversity in Orphaned Collections Spurs Access and Discovery

“…Revisions of the taxonomy and compilation of metadata can provide historical insights into collections. For example, dating the oldest known specimen of a species ( Lagothrix flavicauda (Humboldt, 1812)), adds to the history of exploration in the Peruvian cloud forest where this rare species is endemic (Serrano‐Villavicencio & Silveira, 2019). Many specimens in the Wesleyan freshwater mussel collection were received from the USNM, which affirms the history of exchange between Wesleyan and the USNM during the tenure of Goode at the latter institution.…”