Nosocomial infection and characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamases-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Northeast Brazil

Abstract

Introduction: Extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) are enzymes that degrade β-lactam antibiotics and have been reported to be an important cause of nosocomial infection in worldwide. Methods: During 2009, 659 enterobacteria strains were isolated from different clinical specimens and tested for ESBL production. The disk approximation test, combined disk method and addition of clavulanic acid were used for phenotypic detection of the ESBL-producing strains and PCR for detection of the bla TEM and bla CTX-M genes. Results: Among the isolates, 125 were ESBL producers. The bla CTX-M and bla TEM genes were detected in 90.4% and 75% of the strains, respectively. Most strains were isolated from urine. Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most prevalent organism. Microorganisms presented high resistance to the antibiotics. Conclusions: These results support the need for extending ESBL detection methods to different pathogens of the Enterobacteriaceae family because these methods are only currently standardized by the CLSI for Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca and Proteus mirabilis. Carbapenems were the antibiotic class of choice for the treatment of infections caused by ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae.

Antibiotic Resistance Trends and The ESBL Prevalence of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp Urinary Isolates in In-and Outpatients in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Istanbul, 2004 - 2012

“…Our rates in 2012, with an increasing trend, reached to 60.5% and 25% for both inpatients and outpatients, respectively. Similar results were reported in a previous study (14). An approximation frequency of 24% was observed in Turkey (16), 41.5% in Tanzania (22) and 16.5% in Nepal (29).…”

“…A study in Tanzania also showed similar results (22). In other studies which conducted in Italy (30), Brazil (14), and Nepal (29), the resistance rates were lower compared to our results.…”

“…The rates have been reported in a variety of studies as 1.7% to 19% (8,(11)(12)(13)(14). In our study, the ESBL production rates were 13.3% and 18.7% for E. coli and Klebsiella spp., respectively.…”

Detection of bla KPC-2 in Proteus mirabilis in Brazil

“…expasy.org/tools/ translate) showed that the isolate harbored bla KPC-2 and bla TEM-1 (GenBank accession numbers KC736925 and KF811201). bla TEM has been described in P. mirabilis from Brazil by Dropa et al (10) and Abreu et al (11) , but they did not sequence the gene. The analysis of antimicrobial agents revealed susceptibility to meropenem, polymyxin, and tigecycline.…”

Microbiota sampled from a polluted stream in Recife-PE, Brazil and its importance to public health

“…Bacteria from the genus, are commonly found in the environment, especially in locations with water pollution and soils with degraded material (Drzewiecka, 2016). A study performed in hospitals located in northeast Brazil, the same region as the present study, isolated P. mirabilis, which produces extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), have been reported to be an important cause of nosocomial infection in worldwide (Abreu et al, 2011). In the present study, this species was isolated in an area where there is discharge of hospital waste.…”