Northern European summer temperature variations over the Common Era from integrated tree‐ring density records

Esper, Jan; Düthorn, Elisabeth; Krusic, Paul J.; Timonen, Mauri; Büntgen, Ulf

doi:10.1002/jqs.2726

Cited by 149 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…ratios from negative exponential curves or smoothing splines) a "2" (Cook and Peters, 1997). However, RCS only works well if the underlying measurement series are derived from a composite of (many) living and relict trees, ideally including young and old tree-rings evenly distributed throughout the past millennium (Esper et al, 2014). TRCs composed this way are characterized by age curves that are nearly horizontal over the past 1000 years (Fig.…”

Section: Chronology Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ranking of tree-ring based temperature reconstructions of the past millennium

Esper

Krusic

Ljungqvist

et al. 2016

Quaternary Science Reviews

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102

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a b s t r a c tTree-ring chronologies are widely used to reconstruct high-to low-frequency variations in growing season temperatures over centuries to millennia. The relevance of these timeseries in large-scale climate reconstructions is often determined by the strength of their correlation against instrumental temperature data. However, this single criterion ignores several important quantitative and qualitative characteristics of tree-ring chronologies. Those characteristics are (i) data homogeneity, (ii) sample replication, (iii) growth coherence, (iv) chronology development, and (v) climate signal including the correlation with instrumental data. Based on these 5 characteristics, a reconstruction-scoring scheme is proposed and applied to 39 published, millennial-length temperature reconstructions from Asia, Europe, North America, and the Southern Hemisphere. Results reveal no reconstruction scores highest in every category and each has their own strengths and weaknesses. Reconstructions that perform better overall include N-Scan and Finland from Europe, E-Canada from North America, Yamal and Dzhelo from Asia. Reconstructions performing less well include W-Himalaya and Karakorum from Asia, Tatra and S-Finland from Europe, and Great Basin from North America. By providing a comprehensive set of criteria to evaluate tree-ring chronologies we hope to improve the development of large-scale temperature reconstructions spanning the past millennium. All reconstructions and their corresponding scores are provided at www.blogs.uni-mainz.de/fb09climatology.

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Section: Chronology Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ranking of tree-ring based temperature reconstructions of the past millennium

Esper

Krusic

Ljungqvist

et al. 2016

Quaternary Science Reviews

Self Cite

102

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“…In Fig. 9 an exhaustive comparison is made between enhanced background concentration periods and peak years versus summer temperature anomalies and drought reconstructions from Northern Europe (Cook et al, 2015;Esper et al, 2014) and 40 the Altai (Büntgen et al, 2016;Cook et al, 2010). It appears that biomass burning episodes frequently occurred in concert with decadal-scale summer temperature increases.…”

Section: Paleofire Reconstructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An 800 year high-resolution black carbon ice-core record from Lomonosovfonna, Svalbard

Osmont¹,

Wendl²,

Schmidely³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract.Produced by the incomplete combustion of fossil fuel and biomass, black carbon (BC) contributes to Arctic warming by reducing snow albedo and thus triggering a snow-albedo feedback leading to increased snow melting. Therefore, 15 it is of high importance to assess past BC emissions to better understand and constrain their role. However, only few longterm BC records are available from the Arctic, mainly originating from Greenland ice cores. Here, we present the first longterm and high-resolution refractory black carbon (rBC) record from Svalbard, derived from the analysis of two ice cores formate, VA and p-HBA experience multi-decadal peaks reflecting periods of enhanced biomass burning. Most of the background variations and single peak events are corroborated by other ice-core records from Greenland and Siberia. We suggest that the paleofire record from the LF ice core primarily reflects biomass burning episodes from Northern Eurasia, 30 induced by decadal-scale climatic variations.

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“…Tree-ring data have been previously used for a variety of research fields ranging from climate reconstructions (Esper et al 2014;Frank et al 2010), forest ecology studies (Esper et al 2007;Svoboda et al 2014), archeological dating (Martin-Benito et al 2014) to reconstructions of geomorphic activity (Gärtner et al 2004;Stoffel and Corona 2014). Tree-rings are a direct measure of radial stem growth, which is closely linked to annual wood formation and carbon accumulation (Bouriaud et al 2005;Kerhoulas and Kane 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating tree-ring and inventory-based measurements of aboveground biomass growth: research opportunities and carbon cycle consequences from a large snow breakage event in the Swiss Alps

2016

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The temporal variability of the forest sink is associated with high uncertainties in both its magnitude and the driving ecological and climatic processes. In this study, we assess the inter-annual variability (IAV) of carbon uptake using annually resolved aboveground biomass increment (ABI) estimates from 272 pseudorandomly sampled trees at a long-term monitoring plot in the dry valley of the Valais in Switzerland. Over the 1950-2011 period, the mean ABI is 86.8 g C m -2 year -1 with an IAV of ±31 %. The IAV is largely driven by hydrological conditions throughout the water year from previous August to current August (r SPEI = 0.56; 1st differenced r = 0.75, p \ 0.001). During extremely dry years (such as 1972, 1976, 1998, and 2011), the carbon accumulation was reduced up to 63 % from the long-term mean. Furthermore, our analysis explores possible biases of annual ABI derived from manual band dendrometers in permanent plot inventories caused by water status related changes in tree size. During the snow breakage event in March 2012 and subsequent management activities, 17 % of the standing biomass was killed. We estimate that the remaining trees will take *16 years to make up for the loss of this disturbance, assuming a similar growth rate of the remaining trees as during the previous 60 years and that a potentially drier climate and the increased water availability for the remaining trees will balance each other. We demonstrate that well-replicated, representative tree-ring datasets have a huge potential to complement shorter-term and lower-resolution forest inventory monitoring data. Integrating treering and plot data allow one to gain knowledge about annual changes in forest productivity even before monitoring started and help ecosystem managers to better adapt their strategies.

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Northern European summer temperature variations over the Common Era from integrated tree‐ring density records

Cited by 149 publications

References 36 publications

Ranking of tree-ring based temperature reconstructions of the past millennium

Ranking of tree-ring based temperature reconstructions of the past millennium

An 800 year high-resolution black carbon ice-core record from Lomonosovfonna, Svalbard

Integrating tree-ring and inventory-based measurements of aboveground biomass growth: research opportunities and carbon cycle consequences from a large snow breakage event in the Swiss Alps

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