Norman Geschwind

Hyperconnectivity is a fundamental response to neurological disruption.

“…This work bridged classical and "neo" associationism and, although several of the primary tenets were significantly refined over time, (see Damasio & Galaburda, 1985;Mesulam, 1985), disconnection syndromes have been a central area of research in the clinical neurosciences since that time. For example, Gazzaniga and colleagues focused great attention on the functional consequences associated with complete dissection of the cerebral hemispheres via neurosurgical intervention (Gazzaniga & Smylie, 1984;Gazzaniga etal., 1979;Luck etal., 1989).…”

“…Geschwind's tour de force 1965 publication Disconnexion Syndromes in Animal and Man reintroduced functional disconnection syndromes to the neurosciences spurring decades of research aimed at understanding the interplay between primary and association centers of brain function (Geschwind, 1965a(Geschwind, , 1965b. This work bridged classical and "neo" associationism and, although several of the primary tenets were significantly refined over time, (see Damasio & Galaburda, 1985;Mesulam, 1985), disconnection syndromes have been a central area of research in the clinical neurosciences since that time. For example, Gazzaniga and colleagues focused great attention on the functional consequences associated with complete dissection of the cerebral hemispheres via neurosurgical intervention (Gazzaniga & Smylie, 1984;Gazzaniga et al, 1979;Luck et al, 1989).…”

Hyperconnectivity is a fundamental response to neurological disruption.

“…This work bridged classical and "neo" associationism and, although several of the primary tenets were significantly refined over time, (see Damasio & Galaburda, 1985;Mesulam, 1985), disconnection syndromes have been a central area of research in the clinical neurosciences since that time. For example, Gazzaniga and colleagues focused great attention on the functional consequences associated with complete dissection of the cerebral hemispheres via neurosurgical intervention (Gazzaniga & Smylie, 1984;Gazzaniga etal., 1979;Luck etal., 1989).…”

“…Geschwind's tour de force 1965 publication Disconnexion Syndromes in Animal and Man reintroduced functional disconnection syndromes to the neurosciences spurring decades of research aimed at understanding the interplay between primary and association centers of brain function (Geschwind, 1965a(Geschwind, , 1965b. This work bridged classical and "neo" associationism and, although several of the primary tenets were significantly refined over time, (see Damasio & Galaburda, 1985;Mesulam, 1985), disconnection syndromes have been a central area of research in the clinical neurosciences since that time. For example, Gazzaniga and colleagues focused great attention on the functional consequences associated with complete dissection of the cerebral hemispheres via neurosurgical intervention (Gazzaniga & Smylie, 1984;Gazzaniga et al, 1979;Luck et al, 1989).…”

Diagram Makers or Classical Neurologists?

“…24(preface) He later became aware that the conventional view failed to explain some of his clinical findings and some of the developments in the neurosciences, particularly Sperry's experiments with split brains. In the early 1960s, influenced by Prof Quadfasel at Boston University, Boston, Mass, 25 he began to study the work of the classical neurologists. 21 To his amazement, he found that their theories could better explain his own observations.…”

“…21(p215) The newly found knowledge led them to change their clinical approach. 25 Geschwind was a prolific author, and through his writings he popularized a new understanding of aphasia. For him, aphasias and apraxias could be understood in terms of precise disconnections between brain systems responsible for the generation of specific behaviors.…”

Modern clinical neuropsychology in historical perspective.

“…In his reviews (Geschwind, 1965), he brought to the attention of American neurologists, psychiatrists, and psychologists the component symptoms of the various disconnection syndromes in that literature. Publication of these articles was followed by the development of an extensive program of research, in collaboration with Harold Goodglass and Edith Kaplan, at the Boston VA Hospital and an increasingly central role in clinical demonstrations and didactic presentations relating to the aphasia syndromes (Damasio, 1985; Goodglass, 1986). He went on with Levitsky (Geschwind & Levitsky, 1968) to identify anatomical asymmetries between the cerebral hemispheres and began to explore an increased incidence of dyslexia, stuttering, colitis, thyroid deficiencies, and myasthenia gravis in left-handers (Geschwind & Behan, 1983).…”

Hyperconnectivity is a fundamental response to neurological disruption.

“…This work bridged classical and "neo" associationism and, although several of the primary tenets were significantly refined over time, (see Damasio & Galaburda, 1985;Mesulam, 1985), disconnection syndromes have been a central area of research in the clinical neurosciences since that time. For example, Gazzaniga and colleagues focused great attention on the functional consequences associated with complete dissection of the cerebral hemispheres via neurosurgical intervention (Gazzaniga & Smylie, 1984;Gazzaniga etal., 1979;Luck etal., 1989).…”

“…Geschwind's tour de force 1965 publication Disconnexion Syndromes in Animal and Man reintroduced functional disconnection syndromes to the neurosciences spurring decades of research aimed at understanding the interplay between primary and association centers of brain function (Geschwind, 1965a(Geschwind, , 1965b. This work bridged classical and "neo" associationism and, although several of the primary tenets were significantly refined over time, (see Damasio & Galaburda, 1985;Mesulam, 1985), disconnection syndromes have been a central area of research in the clinical neurosciences since that time. For example, Gazzaniga and colleagues focused great attention on the functional consequences associated with complete dissection of the cerebral hemispheres via neurosurgical intervention (Gazzaniga & Smylie, 1984;Gazzaniga et al, 1979;Luck et al, 1989).…”

Diagram Makers or Classical Neurologists?

“…24(preface) He later became aware that the conventional view failed to explain some of his clinical findings and some of the developments in the neurosciences, particularly Sperry's experiments with split brains. In the early 1960s, influenced by Prof Quadfasel at Boston University, Boston, Mass, 25 he began to study the work of the classical neurologists. 21 To his amazement, he found that their theories could better explain his own observations.…”

“…21(p215) The newly found knowledge led them to change their clinical approach. 25 Geschwind was a prolific author, and through his writings he popularized a new understanding of aphasia. For him, aphasias and apraxias could be understood in terms of precise disconnections between brain systems responsible for the generation of specific behaviors.…”

Modern clinical neuropsychology in historical perspective.

“…In his reviews (Geschwind, 1965), he brought to the attention of American neurologists, psychiatrists, and psychologists the component symptoms of the various disconnection syndromes in that literature. Publication of these articles was followed by the development of an extensive program of research, in collaboration with Harold Goodglass and Edith Kaplan, at the Boston VA Hospital and an increasingly central role in clinical demonstrations and didactic presentations relating to the aphasia syndromes (Damasio, 1985; Goodglass, 1986). He went on with Levitsky (Geschwind & Levitsky, 1968) to identify anatomical asymmetries between the cerebral hemispheres and began to explore an increased incidence of dyslexia, stuttering, colitis, thyroid deficiencies, and myasthenia gravis in left-handers (Geschwind & Behan, 1983).…”

Hyperconnectivity is a fundamental response to neurological disruption.

“…This work bridged classical and "neo" associationism and, although several of the primary tenets were significantly refined over time, (see Damasio & Galaburda, 1985;Mesulam, 1985), disconnection syndromes have been a central area of research in the clinical neurosciences since that time. For example, Gazzaniga and colleagues focused great attention on the functional consequences associated with complete dissection of the cerebral hemispheres via neurosurgical intervention (Gazzaniga & Smylie, 1984;Gazzaniga etal., 1979;Luck etal., 1989).…”

“…Geschwind's tour de force 1965 publication Disconnexion Syndromes in Animal and Man reintroduced functional disconnection syndromes to the neurosciences spurring decades of research aimed at understanding the interplay between primary and association centers of brain function (Geschwind, 1965a(Geschwind, , 1965b. This work bridged classical and "neo" associationism and, although several of the primary tenets were significantly refined over time, (see Damasio & Galaburda, 1985;Mesulam, 1985), disconnection syndromes have been a central area of research in the clinical neurosciences since that time. For example, Gazzaniga and colleagues focused great attention on the functional consequences associated with complete dissection of the cerebral hemispheres via neurosurgical intervention (Gazzaniga & Smylie, 1984;Gazzaniga et al, 1979;Luck et al, 1989).…”

Diagram Makers or Classical Neurologists?

“…24(preface) He later became aware that the conventional view failed to explain some of his clinical findings and some of the developments in the neurosciences, particularly Sperry's experiments with split brains. In the early 1960s, influenced by Prof Quadfasel at Boston University, Boston, Mass, 25 he began to study the work of the classical neurologists. 21 To his amazement, he found that their theories could better explain his own observations.…”

“…21(p215) The newly found knowledge led them to change their clinical approach. 25 Geschwind was a prolific author, and through his writings he popularized a new understanding of aphasia. For him, aphasias and apraxias could be understood in terms of precise disconnections between brain systems responsible for the generation of specific behaviors.…”

Modern clinical neuropsychology in historical perspective.

“…In his reviews (Geschwind, 1965), he brought to the attention of American neurologists, psychiatrists, and psychologists the component symptoms of the various disconnection syndromes in that literature. Publication of these articles was followed by the development of an extensive program of research, in collaboration with Harold Goodglass and Edith Kaplan, at the Boston VA Hospital and an increasingly central role in clinical demonstrations and didactic presentations relating to the aphasia syndromes (Damasio, 1985; Goodglass, 1986). He went on with Levitsky (Geschwind & Levitsky, 1968) to identify anatomical asymmetries between the cerebral hemispheres and began to explore an increased incidence of dyslexia, stuttering, colitis, thyroid deficiencies, and myasthenia gravis in left-handers (Geschwind & Behan, 1983).…”