Normal variation in the frequency and location of human auditory cortex landmarks. Heschl's gyrus: where is it?

Leonard, Christiana M.; Puranik, Cynthia S.; Kuldau, John M.; Lombardino, Linda J.

doi:10.1093/cercor/8.5.397

Cited by 197 publications

(158 citation statements)

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“…Heschl's gyrus lies on the plane of the STG, a region found to have small volumes in males with SPD Downhill et al, 2001), and in females with SPD with a family history of mental illness (Dickey et al, 2003). Of particular interest to this report, however, Heschl's gyrus is noted to have marked inter-subject morphometric volume and shape variability (Leonard et al, 1998;Knaus et al, 2006), thus complicating the interpretation of volume data (Knaus et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…In the current report the more posterior transverse gyri may not have been included. Fifth, there is marked intersubject and even inter-hemispheric variability of the STG, particularly, Heschl's gyrus (Lange et al, 1997;Leonard et al, 1998;Sweet et al, 2005;Knaus et al, 2006). To clarify, it is quite common for there to be two parallel transverse or Heschl's gyri (Knaus et al, 2006;Sweet et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…That functionally important area (Sweet et al, 2005) may represent the difference in these two reports. Indeed, other workers suggest that volume asymmetries in the region of the primary auditory cortex do not correspond to functional activation while hearing tones and word pairs (Yoo et al, 2005), possibly due to the poor matching of gyral sulcal patterns and cytoarchitechtonically defined acoustic regions (Morosan et al, 2001), and marked variation in the morphology of Heschl's gyrus (Leonard et al, 1998) (Sweet et al, 2005). Furthermore, regional differences in STG volumes are more marked in schizophrenia than in controls (Park et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Auditory processing abnormalities in schizotypal personality disorder: An fMRI experiment using tones of deviant pitch and duration

Dickey

Mórocz

Niznikiewicz

et al. 2008

Schizophrenia Research

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Background-One of the cardinal features of schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) is language abnormalities. The focus of this study was to determine whether or not there are also processing abnormalities of pure tones differing in pitch and duration in SPD.Methods-Thirteen neuroleptic-naïve male subjects met full criteria for SPD and were groupmatched on age and parental socioeconomic status to 13 comparison subjects. Verbal learning was measured with the California Verbal Learning Test. Heschl's gyrus volumes were measured using structural MRI. Whole-brain fMRI activation patterns in an auditory task of listening to tones including pitch and duration deviants were compared between SPD and control subjects. In a Contributors Dickey: designed the study, collected the fMRI data, analyzed the clinical and fMRI data, and wrote the manuscript. Morocz: analyzed the fMRI data. Niznikiewicz: collected and analyzed the ERP data, and contributed to the manuscript. Voglmaier: collected and analyzed CVLT data, and performed SCID interview. Dreusicke: analyzed the fMRI data. Toner: aided in fMRI data collection. Yoo: aided in initial fMRI data collection. Khan: aided in final fMRI data presentation. Shenton: reviewed the manuscript. McCarley: reviewed the manuscript. Conflict of interestAll authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. Results-In the region of the STG, SPD subjects demonstrated more activation to pitch deviants bilaterally (p<0.001); and to duration deviants in the left hemisphere (p=0.005) (two-sample t). SPD subjects also showed more bilateral parietal cortex activation to duration deviants. In no region did comparison subjects activate more than SPD subjects in either experiment. Exploratory correlations for SPD subjects suggest a relationship between peak activation on the right for deviant tones in the pitch experiment with odd speech and impaired verbal learning. There was no difference between groups on Heschl's gyrus volume. NIH Public AccessConclusions-These data suggest that SPD subjects have inefficient or hyper-responsive processing of pure tones both in terms of pitch and duration deviance that is not attributable to smaller Heschl's gyrus volumes. Finally, these auditory processing abnormalities may have significance for the odd speech heard in some SPD subjects and downstream language and verbal learning deficits.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Auditory processing abnormalities in schizotypal personality disorder: An fMRI experiment using tones of deviant pitch and duration

Dickey

Mórocz

Niznikiewicz

et al. 2008

Schizophrenia Research

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“…A good landmark of the primary auditory cortex is called Heschl gyrus, a small gyrus hidden in the temporal part of the lateral fissure [18,11]. This gyrus and the thalamus have been drawn manually in the T2-weighted images (see Fig.…”

Section: Human Brainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fiber Tracking in q-Ball Fields Using Regularized Particle Trajectories

Perrin

Poupon

Yann

et al. 2005

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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Abstract. Most of the approaches dedicated to fiber tracking from diffusionweighted MR data rely on a tensor model. However, the tensor model can only resolve a single fiber orientation within each imaging voxel. New emerging approaches have been proposed to obtain a better representation of the diffusion process occurring in fiber crossing. In this paper, we adapt a tracking algorithm to the q-ball representation, which results from a spherical Radon transform of high angular resolution data. This algorithm is based on a Monte-Carlo strategy, using regularized particle trajectories to sample the white matter geometry. The method is validated using a phantom of bundle crossing made up of haemodialysis fibers. The method is also applied to the detection of the auditory tract in three human subjects.

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“…Accordingly, many groups have noted the importance of probabilistic atlases and have made probability maps using different modalities and different methodologies. Probability maps for subregions of normal brains have been reported (Amunts et al, 1999(Amunts et al, , 2000Kennedy et al, 1998;Leonard et al, 1998;Loftus et al, 1995;Paus et al, 1996;Penhune et al, 1996;Rademacher et al, 2001aRademacher et al, ,b, 2002Thompson et al, 1996a;Tomaiuolo et al, 1999;Varnavas and Grand, 1999;Westbury et al, 1999;White et al, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An MRI study of spatial probability brain map differences between first-episode schizophrenia and normal controls

Levitt¹,

Shenton²,

Salisbury³

et al. 2004

NeuroImage

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We created a spatial probability atlas of schizophrenia to provide information about the neuroanatomic variability of brain regions of patients with the disorder. Probability maps of 16 regions of interest (ROIs) were constructed by taking manually parcellated ROIs from subjects' magnetic resonance images (MRIs) and linearly transforming them into Talairach space using the Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) template. ROIs included temporal, parietal, and prefrontal cortex subregions, with a principal focus on temporal lobe structures. Subject Ns ranged from 11 to 28 for the different ROIs. Our global measure of the spatial distribution of the transformed ROI was the sum of voxels with 50% overlap among subjects. The superior temporal gyrus (STG) and fusiform gyrus (FG) had lower values for schizophrenic subjects than for normal controls, suggestive of greater spatial variability for these ROIs in schizophrenic subjects. For the computation of statistical significance of group differences in portions of the ROI, we used voxel-wise comparisons and Fisher's exact test. First-episode schizophrenic patients compared with controls showed lower probability (P < 0.05) at dorso-posterior areas of planum temporale and Heschl's gyrus, lateral and anterior regions in the left hippocampus (HIPP), and dorsolateral regions of fusiform gyrus. Importantly, most ROIs of schizophrenic subjects showed a significantly lower spatial overlap than controls, even after nonlinear spatial normalization, suggesting a greater heterogeneity in the spatial distribution of ROIs. There is consequently a need for caution in neuroimaging studies where data from schizophrenic subjects are normalized to a particular stereotaxic coordinate system based on healthy controls. Apparent group differences in activation may simply reflect a greater heterogeneity of spatial distribution in schizophrenia.

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Normal variation in the frequency and location of human auditory cortex landmarks. Heschl's gyrus: where is it?

Cited by 197 publications

References 44 publications

Auditory processing abnormalities in schizotypal personality disorder: An fMRI experiment using tones of deviant pitch and duration

Auditory processing abnormalities in schizotypal personality disorder: An fMRI experiment using tones of deviant pitch and duration

Fiber Tracking in q-Ball Fields Using Regularized Particle Trajectories

An MRI study of spatial probability brain map differences between first-episode schizophrenia and normal controls

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