Noninvasive In Vivo Human Coronary Artery Lumen and Wall Imaging Using Black-Blood Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Fayad, Zahi A.; Fuster, Valentín; Fallon, John T.; Jayasundera, Timothy; Worthley, Stephen G.; Helft, Gérard; Aguinaldo, Juan Gilberto S.; Badimón, Juan J.; Sharma, Samin K.

doi:10.1161/01.cir.102.5.506

Cited by 530 publications

(359 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…While CMR has been employed for measuring and characterizing plaque in the coronary (13,14), carotid (15,16), and aortic circulations (15)(16)(17), few studies have rigorously investigated its role in PAD (12,18). The goal of this study was to develop and refine a practical technique for quantifying plaque in the superficial femoral artery (SFA) of patients with mild to moderate PAD that would allow for determination of plaque burden and noninvasive, serial monitoring of plaque progression in patients treated with both established and novel therapies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproducibility and Reliability of Atherosclerotic Plaque Volume Measurements in Peripheral Arterial Disease with Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance

Isbell

Meyer

Rogers

et al. 2007

Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance

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A high resolution, noninvasive approach to quantify atherosclerotic plaque in the peripheral vasculature could have significant clinical and research utility. Seventeen patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) were studied in a 1.5T CMR scanner. Atherosclerotic plaque volume in the superficial femoral artery was measured and interobserver, intraobserver, and test-retest variability determined. Nineteen vessels were studied with mean acquisition time of 13.1 minutes per vessel. Mean plaque volume was 7.27 ± 3.73 cm 3 . Intra-observer intraclass correlation was R = 0.997, inter-observer was R = 0.987, and test-retest reproducibility was R = 0.996. Thus, high resolution measurement of plaque volume in PAD is reliable and reproducible.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproducibility and Reliability of Atherosclerotic Plaque Volume Measurements in Peripheral Arterial Disease with Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance

Isbell

Meyer

Rogers

et al. 2007

Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance

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“…Quantification of plaque volume and content is important as a means for risk assessment and monitoring of treatment with lipid-lowering drugs [1]. High-resolution MRI of carotid vessel wall is emerging as a powerful noninvasive diagnostic tool for assessing atherosclerotic disease burden.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Resolution Black-Blood MRI of the Carotid Vessel Wall Using Phased-Array Coils at 1.5 and 3 Tesla1

et al. 2005

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Purpose-To investigate the magnetic field dependence of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for carotid vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using phased-array (PA) surface coils by comparing images obtained at 1.5 T and 3 T, and to determine to what extent the improved SNR at the higher field can be traded for improved spatial resolution.Materials and methods-Two pairs of dual-element PA coils were constructed for operation at the two field strengths. The individual elements of each PA were matched to 50 Ω impedance on the neck and tuned at the respective frequencies. The coils were evaluated on a cylindrical phantom positioned with its axis parallel to the main field, and with the coils placed on either side of the phantom parallel to the sagittal plane. In-vivo MR images of the carotid arteries were obtained in five subjects at both field strengths with a fast spin-echo double-inversion black-blood pulse sequence with fat saturation. SNR was measured at both field strengths using standard techniques.Results-At a depth corresponding to the average location of the carotid arteries in the study subjects, mean phantom SNR for the two coils was higher at 3 T by a factor of 2.5. The greater than linear increase is due to only partial coil loading of these relatively small coils. The practically achievable average SNR gain in vivo was 2.1. The lower in vivo SNR gain is attributed to a reduction in T 2 and prolongation of T 1 at the higher field strength and, to a lesser extent, the requirement for reduced refocusing pulse flip angle to operate within specific absorption ratio limits. The superior SNR at 3 T appears to provide considerably improved vessel wall delineation.Conclusions-Carotid artery vessel wall MRI using phased-array surface coils provides a considerable increase in SNR when field strength is raised from 1.5 T to 3 T. This increase can be traded for enhanced in-plane resolution.

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“…Respiratory motion artifacts can be minimized by the use of breathholding (5,6) or respiratory navigators (4,7) and both techniques allow for direct assessment of coronary wall thickness and the visualization of focal atherosclerotic plaque in the coronary vessel wall. However, for clinical use, 3D approaches would be advantageous as they allow for a more extensive coverage of the coronary artery tree, improved SNR, and thus the potential for higher spatial image resolution.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

3D coronary vessel wall imaging utilizing a local inversion technique with spiral image acquisition

et al. 2001

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Current 2D black blood coronary vessel wall imaging suffers from a relatively limited coverage of the coronary artery tree. Hence, a 3D approach facilitating more extensive coverage would be desirable. The straightforward combination of a 3D-acquisition technique together with a dual inversion prepulse can decrease the effectiveness of the black blood preparation. To minimize artifacts from insufficiently suppressed blood signal of the nearby blood pools, and to reduce residual respiratory motion artifacts from the chest wall, a novel local inversion technique was implemented. The combination of a nonselective inversion prepulse with a 2D selective local inversion prepulse allowed for suppression of unwanted signal outside a userdefined region of interest. Among 10 subjects evaluated using a 3D-spiral readout, the local inversion pulse effectively suppressed signal from ventricular blood, myocardium, and chest wall tissue in all cases. Bright blood coronary magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) has shown great potential for noninvasive assessment of intraluminal coronary artery disease (1), but angiography provides minimal information on the magnitude of underlying atherosclerotic plaque. Our current understanding is that luminal disease underestimates atherosclerotic plaque burden and that a majority of acute coronary syndromes occur at sites with nonflow limiting stenoses (2). Thus, a noninvasive approach for direct coronary plaque imaging would be desirable to allow for assessment of subclinical disease.Recently, 2D black blood coronary MR vessel wall and plaque imaging using a dual inversion (Dual-IR) prepulse (3) has been reported (4 -7). Respiratory motion artifacts can be minimized by the use of breathholding (5,6) or respiratory navigators (4,7) and both techniques allow for direct assessment of coronary wall thickness and the visualization of focal atherosclerotic plaque in the coronary vessel wall. However, for clinical use, 3D approaches would be advantageous as they allow for a more extensive coverage of the coronary artery tree, improved SNR, and thus the potential for higher spatial image resolution. Unfortunately, the straightforward combination of a 3D-acquisition technique with a Dual-IR prepulse can decrease the effectiveness of the Dual-IR preparation because of the reinversion of a relatively large amount of ventricular blood. To overcome this weakness, we implemented a 2D selective local inversion prepulse, thereby preserving the signal from the area of interest while minimizing unwanted signal from adjacent tissues and intracavitary blood pool. To optimize SNR and to maintain a short acquisition window, data acquisition was performed using 3D spiral imaging. METHODSFree-breathing 3D coronary vessel wall imaging using a local inversion technique and spiral image acquisition was implemented on a commercial Philips Gyroscan ACS-NT MR scanner (Philips Medical Systems, Best, Netherlands) equipped with a PowerTrak 6000 gradient (23 mT/m, 220 s rise time) system. Written informed consent was obtain...

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Noninvasive In Vivo Human Coronary Artery Lumen and Wall Imaging Using Black-Blood Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Cited by 530 publications

References 54 publications

Reproducibility and Reliability of Atherosclerotic Plaque Volume Measurements in Peripheral Arterial Disease with Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance

Reproducibility and Reliability of Atherosclerotic Plaque Volume Measurements in Peripheral Arterial Disease with Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance

High-Resolution Black-Blood MRI of the Carotid Vessel Wall Using Phased-Array Coils at 1.5 and 3 Tesla1

3D coronary vessel wall imaging utilizing a local inversion technique with spiral image acquisition

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