Nondispersive membrane solvent back extraction of Phenol

Abstract

Nondispersive back extraction of phenol from methyl isobutyl ketone into caustic solutions has been studied using microporous polymeric membranes in flat as well as hollow‐fiber form. Dispersion‐free reactive back extraction was successfully achieved using the correct phase pressure difference. The predictive capabilities of the mathematical models developed for such a system have been investigated. This study indicates that the overall mass transfer can be controlled by boundary layer resistance and/or the membrane transfer resistance, depending on the flow configuration, the nature of the membrane, and the regime of caustic concentration. Individual film transfer coefficients on the shell side and the tube side have been isolated for different hollow‐fiber modules. A commercially available 15 cm long module containing hydrophobic microporous hollow fibers has provided very low values of height of transfer unit (HTU) and very high phenol recoveries. The experimentally obtained HTUs of this module have been predicted with significant accuracy.

Assessment of Industrial Modules to Design a GFMA Process for Cyanide Recovery Based on a Phenomenological Model

“…The importance of the mass-transfer coefficient value can be verified from the results summarized in Table 8, which compares the estimations of this work with the data reported in a previous work [4]. Here, the 14 × 40 module was assessed in a parallel flow mode, using both the correlation proposed by Basu and collaborators [8,9] with the 14 × 40 module operating in cross-flow mode with a center baffle (Extra-Flow module), and also the correlations reported by Schoner and coworkers [24], and Shen and coworkers [28]. This last correlation was evaluated since it estimates the lowest mass-transfer coefficient value for the Extra-Flow modules ( Table 5).…”

Assessment of Industrial Modules to Design a GFMA Process for Cyanide Recovery Based on a Phenomenological Model

“…The importance of the mass-transfer coefficient value can be verified from the results summarized in Table 8, which compares the estimations of this work with the data reported in a previous work [4]. Here, the 14 × 40 module was assessed in a parallel flow mode, using both the correlation proposed by Basu and collaborators [8,9] with the 14 × 40 module operating in cross-flow mode with a center baffle (Extra-Flow module), and also the correlations reported by Schoner and coworkers [24], and Shen and coworkers [28]. This last correlation was evaluated since it estimates the lowest mass-transfer coefficient value for the Extra-Flow modules ( Table 5).…”

Study on highly hydrophilic cellulose hollow fiber membrane contactors for thiol sulfur removal

“…12 and 13 along with the experimental data as a function of the flow rates of the oil phase and the aqueous extracting phase, respectively. It was found that the experimental overall mass transfer coefficient varied from 2 × 10 í5 to 7 × 10 í5 m•s í1 , which were at the same order of magnitude as those given in the literature for different systems [18,37]. In addition, it can be seen that the mass transfer coefficients predicted by the two sets of the empirical correlations were in a good agreement with the experimental data, especially at a higher flow rate of the oil or the aqueous phase.…”

Fractional extraction with hollow fibers with hydrogel‐filled walls

“…The data on unfilled fibers were obtained for similar solutes, but with different procedures. All these data are for organic acids; some data for phenol and nitrophenol were obtained for unfilled fibers by Dahuron and Cussler (1986); and more data for unfilled fibers were obtained by Basu et al (1990). All data seem in agreement.…”

Assessment of Industrial Modules to Design a GFMA Process for Cyanide Recovery Based on a Phenomenological Model

“…The importance of the mass-transfer coefficient value can be verified from the results summarized in Table 8, which compares the estimations of this work with the data reported in a previous work [4]. Here, the 14 × 40 module was assessed in a parallel flow mode, using both the correlation proposed by Basu and collaborators [8,9] with the 14 × 40 module operating in cross-flow mode with a center baffle (Extra-Flow module), and also the correlations reported by Schoner and coworkers [24], and Shen and coworkers [28]. This last correlation was evaluated since it estimates the lowest mass-transfer coefficient value for the Extra-Flow modules ( Table 5).…”

Study on highly hydrophilic cellulose hollow fiber membrane contactors for thiol sulfur removal

“…12 and 13 along with the experimental data as a function of the flow rates of the oil phase and the aqueous extracting phase, respectively. It was found that the experimental overall mass transfer coefficient varied from 2 × 10 í5 to 7 × 10 í5 m•s í1 , which were at the same order of magnitude as those given in the literature for different systems [18,37]. In addition, it can be seen that the mass transfer coefficients predicted by the two sets of the empirical correlations were in a good agreement with the experimental data, especially at a higher flow rate of the oil or the aqueous phase.…”

Fractional extraction with hollow fibers with hydrogel‐filled walls

“…The data on unfilled fibers were obtained for similar solutes, but with different procedures. All these data are for organic acids; some data for phenol and nitrophenol were obtained for unfilled fibers by Dahuron and Cussler (1986); and more data for unfilled fibers were obtained by Basu et al (1990). All data seem in agreement.…”

Assessment of Industrial Modules to Design a GFMA Process for Cyanide Recovery Based on a Phenomenological Model

“…The importance of the mass-transfer coefficient value can be verified from the results summarized in Table 8, which compares the estimations of this work with the data reported in a previous work [4]. Here, the 14 × 40 module was assessed in a parallel flow mode, using both the correlation proposed by Basu and collaborators [8,9] with the 14 × 40 module operating in cross-flow mode with a center baffle (Extra-Flow module), and also the correlations reported by Schoner and coworkers [24], and Shen and coworkers [28]. This last correlation was evaluated since it estimates the lowest mass-transfer coefficient value for the Extra-Flow modules ( Table 5).…”

Study on highly hydrophilic cellulose hollow fiber membrane contactors for thiol sulfur removal

“…12 and 13 along with the experimental data as a function of the flow rates of the oil phase and the aqueous extracting phase, respectively. It was found that the experimental overall mass transfer coefficient varied from 2 × 10 í5 to 7 × 10 í5 m•s í1 , which were at the same order of magnitude as those given in the literature for different systems [18,37]. In addition, it can be seen that the mass transfer coefficients predicted by the two sets of the empirical correlations were in a good agreement with the experimental data, especially at a higher flow rate of the oil or the aqueous phase.…”

Fractional extraction with hollow fibers with hydrogel‐filled walls

“…The data on unfilled fibers were obtained for similar solutes, but with different procedures. All these data are for organic acids; some data for phenol and nitrophenol were obtained for unfilled fibers by Dahuron and Cussler (1986); and more data for unfilled fibers were obtained by Basu et al (1990). All data seem in agreement.…”