Nonanatomic prognostic factors in resected nonsmall cell lung carcinoma: the importance of perineural invasion as a new prognostic marker

Prognostic factors in resectable pathological N2 disease of non-small cell lung cancer

“…In literature reports, the reported incidence of perineural invasion was 3-29%. [24][25][26] In our study, the incidence was 7.1% and this result is similar to that reported in the study of Poncelet et al [25] In addition, the majority (6/7, 85.7%) of patients with perineural invasion had tumor cells with moderate to poor differentiation. Because of the limited number of cases, further investigations are still required to identify its clinical significance and to understand the actual mechanism of perineural invasion that can lead to poor disease-free and overall survival rates.…”

“…We further analyzed the characteristic features of tumor cells among patients who underwent anatomic resection, in order to identify its effect on disease-free and overall survival rates. Previous studies had reported that several pathological factors were related to survival rate; these factors include visceral pleural invasion, [19][20][21][22] vascular invasion, [23] perineural invasion, [24][25][26] histologic grade, [27] and nuclear atypia. [28] Our multivariate analysis indicated that only perineural invasion had a significant effect on disease-free and overall survival rates among N2 NSCLC patients.…”

Superior Prognostic Importance of Perineural Invasion vs. Lymph Node Involvement After Curative Resection of Duodenal Adenocarcinoma

“…27,28 Why carcinomas exhibit a predilection for perineural invasion and others do not remains unknown. Perineural invasion is emerging as an important feature in many malignancies, including oropharyngeal, 12 prostate, 13 colorectal, 14 biliary, 15 gastric, 16 lung, 17 breast, 18 and ampullary cancers. 11 The highest rate of perineural invasion is documented in pancreatic cancer, head and neck squamous cell carcinomas, and prostate cancer, while lower rates are documented in gastrointestinal cancers.…”

“…[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] While perineural invasion has been evaluated as a prognostic factor in patients with periampullary malignancies including pancreatic adenocarcinoma, distal cholangiocarcinoma, and ampulla of Vater carcinoma, 8,11,19 we know of no studies which have addressed the significance of perineural invasion in a large series of patients with duodenal adenocarcinoma.…”

Clinical impact of visceral pleural, lymphovascular and perineural invasion in completely resected non-small cell lung cancer

“…These nonanatomic measures may help us to reach a more accurate staging system for lung cancer. Molecular techniques may require more expensive laboratory equipment and skilful personnel but detailed histopathological examination may be more beneficial [4]. There are several histopathological factors such as visceral pleural invasion [5][6][7][8][9], vascular invasion [10], perineural invasion [4,11], histologic grade [12], mitotic index, and nuclear atypia [13] which were identified as prognostic factors.…”