Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Nobili, Valério; Alkhouri, Naim; Alisi, Anna; Corte, Claudia Della; Fitzpatrick, Emer; Raponi, Massimiliano; Dhawan, Anil

doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.2702

Cited by 115 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…NAFLD is the most common liver disease in children and adolescents (Table 2). Similarly to adult patients, NAFLD is associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome 27 and probably with elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in blood and PNPLA3 polymorphisms 28 ( Figure 1) 29 . A recent analysis of the National Health and Examination Survey, including data from >12,000 12-19 year-old Americans, showed that NAFLD prevalence (with NAFLD defined as BMI > 85 th percentile and elevated ALT levels of >22.1 U/L for girls and >25.8 U/L for boys) more than doubled over the past two decades 27 .…”

Section: [H2] Children and Adolescentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Rinella

2015

JAMA

1,964

1,621

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Section: [H2] Children and Adolescentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Rinella

2015

JAMA

1,964

1,621

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“…Existing data suggest that overweight and obese Hispanic/Latino children are at risk of developing metabolic syndrome (Cruz & Goran, 2004; Fowler et al, 2013; Johnson et al, 2009) and the presence of metabolic syndrome in this high risk group is associated with higher carotid intima media thickness (CIMT),(Toledo-Corral et al, 2009) a marker of atherosclerosis. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a leading cause of liver disease in the pediatric population (Nobili et al, 2015; Papandreou, Rousso, & Mavromichalis, 2007). NAFLD is strongly associated with obesity and it is currently viewed as the liver manifestation of the metabolic syndrome (Nobili et al, 2015).…”

Section: Obesity and Cardiometabolic Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a leading cause of liver disease in the pediatric population (Nobili et al, 2015; Papandreou, Rousso, & Mavromichalis, 2007). NAFLD is strongly associated with obesity and it is currently viewed as the liver manifestation of the metabolic syndrome (Nobili et al, 2015). Levels of alanine aminotransferase, a liver enzyme, are highest in Mexican American adolescents compared to white and black adolescents,(Deboer, Wiener, Barnes, & Gurka, 2013; Fraser, Longnecker, & Lawlor, 2007) and are higher in males than females.…”

Section: Obesity and Cardiometabolic Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health issues in Hispanic/Latino youth.

Isasi

Rastogi

Molina

2016

Journal of Latina/o Psychology

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This review focuses on obesity, asthma and mental health functioning as salient health issues affecting Hispanic youth. Burden of these conditions and consequences for adult health are also discussed. Hispanic youth are affected by obesity at an early age; the prevalence of obesity among Hispanic children 6–11 years old is twice as high as the prevalence for non-Hispanic White children of the same age, but among 2–5 years old is 4 times higher. Asthma disproportionally affects certain Hispanic groups, notably children of Puerto Rican ancestry, and the comorbidity of asthma and obesity is an emerging health issue. Another area of concern is the scant data on mental health functioning among Hispanic youth. Research on Hispanic youth mental health have reported high rates of depressive symptomatology and high rates of alcohol use among Hispanic adolescents but despite these findings, they have inadequate access to mental health services. This review highlights the need for better data to gain a better understanding of the health status of Hispanic youth and help develop preventive programs that addresses the need of this population. Improving access to health services, in particular mental health services, is also a crucial aspect.

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“…In Western countries, the prevalence of NAFLD is 20–30% in the pediatric population and 70–80% in obese children [1]. NAFLD is considered a “multi-hit” disorder, in which genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors interact causing the onset and progression of liver damage [2]. Recent studies have demonstrated that approximately 25% of children with NAFLD have NASH and interesting data derived from longitudinal studies have indicated that hepatic fibrosis is the most important prognostic marker of progression of liver disease [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Docosahexanoic Acid Plus Vitamin D Treatment Improves Features of NAFLD in Children with Serum Vitamin D Deficiency: Results from a Single Centre Trial

et al. 2016

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BackgroundThere are no licensed treatments for non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in adults or children. In NAFLD, several studies have shown a benefit of omega-3 fatty acid treatment on lipid profile, insulin-sensitivity and hepatic steatosis and it has also been suggested that Vitamin D treatment has potential antifibrotic properties in liver disease.Trial DesignTo date, however, there are no studies that have tested the combination of Docosahexanoic acid (DHA) and vitamin D treatment which may benefit the whole spectrum of disease in NAFLD. Our aim therefore, was to test the effect of daily DHA (500 mg) plus vitamin D (800 IU) treatment, in obese children with biopsy-proven NAFLD and vitamin D deficiency, in a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial.MethodsThe 41/43 patients completed the study (18-treatment, 23-placebo). At 12 months: i) the main outcome was liver histology improvement, defined by NAS; ii) the secondary outcome was amelioration of metabolic parameters.ResultsDHA plus vitamin D treatment reduced the NAFLD Activity Score (NAS), in the treatment group (5.4 v1.92; p<0.001 for baseline versus end of study). There was no change in fibrosis score, but a reduction of the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSC) and fibrillar collagen content was noted (3.51±1.66 v. 1.59±1.37; p = 0.003) in treatment group. Moreover, the triglycerides (174.5 vs. 102.15 mg/dl), ALT (40.25 vs. 24.5 UI/l) and HOMA-IR (4.59 vs. 3.42) were all decreased with treatment.ConclusionDHA plus vitamin D treatment improved insulin-resistance, lipid profile, ALT and NAS. There was also decreased HSC activation and collagen content with treatment.

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Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Cited by 115 publications

References 75 publications

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Health issues in Hispanic/Latino youth.

Docosahexanoic Acid Plus Vitamin D Treatment Improves Features of NAFLD in Children with Serum Vitamin D Deficiency: Results from a Single Centre Trial

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