Non-Transforming Theileria Parasites of Ruminants

Sugimoto, Chihiro; Fujisaki, Koso

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-0903-5_7

Cited by 40 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The Chitose-type genotype is widely distributed [6,12,13], while the Ikeda-type parasite is commonly found in Korea and Japan but to a lesser extent in China [6], and not at all in Italy [19]. Most of field isolates consist of a mixture of 2-3 MPSP-type parasites, and single MPSP-type infections rarely occur [23]. In the present study, unique types of MPSP and p23 genes were found on the farms in Shintoku and Shin-Hidaka districts, in addition to the Chitose and Ikeda types.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiological Survey of Theileria orientalis Infection in Grazing Cattle in the Eastern Part of Hokkaido, Japan

et al. 2009

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ABSTRACT. Theileria orientalis is one of the benign species of Theileria that is widely distributed in Japan and is sometimes responsible for serious economic losses in the livestock industry. In the present study, we surveyed the current status of T. orientalis infection in grazing cattle in the eastern areas of Hokkaido (Taiki, Otofuke, Shintoku, and Shin-Hidaka districts) using molecular methods, as well as traditional methods, of diagnosis. The genes encoding the major piroplasm surface protein (MPSP) and p23 of T. orientalis were identified using highly detectable polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results of the MPSP-PCR assay indicated that grazing cattle in these districts, after about 1.5 months pasturage, showed high rates of infection, ranging from 10.0-64.8%. Although the main MPSP and p23 genotypes detected were the Ikeda-or Chitose-types, an MPSP gene closely relating to that found in Okinawa prefecture, and a p23 gene closely relating to the Australian (Warwick) Buffeli-type gene, were found in the cattle in Shintoku and Shin-Hidaka districts. The present survey indicated that there were at least five types of T. orientalis classified by their MPSP genes in Hokkaido, Japan, and that T. orientalis infection rates are still high in this region.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bovine theileriosis in Japan is caused by Theileria orientalis which is a tick-transmitted, intraerythrocytic protozoan belonging to the phylum Apicomplexa [23]. In Hokkaido, the northern island of Japan, most cattle are pastured from spring to autumn to reduce rearing costs, but this is associated with a high risk of contracting theileriosis.…”

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Epidemiological Survey of Theileria orientalis Infection in Grazing Cattle in the Eastern Part of Hokkaido, Japan

et al. 2009

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“…In common with other Babesia parasites, B. ovata induces intravascular hemolysis, as was evident from the hemoglobinuria detected when splenectomized cattle were infected with the parasite (3). In contrast, the anemia induced by T. orientalis is thought to be due to erythrophagocytosis of red blood cells (10). Therefore, we assume that the combination of these two different mechanisms for anemia could have potentiated the serious development of clinical anemia among the animals that were coinfected with B. ovata and T. orientalis.…”

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PCR Detection of Babesia ovata from Cattle Reared in Japan and Clinical Significance of Coinfection with Theileria orientalis

et al. 2012

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We describe here the clinical significance of coinfection with Theileria orientalis and Babesia ovata in cattle. Anemia status in a herd of dairy cattle in Japan was investigated in relation to infection with these parasites. Our findings indicate that while B. ovata infection might not be the primary cause of anemia in the cattle, it may contribute to the clinical development of anemia in animals coinfected with both B. ovata and T. orientalis .

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“…Presently, 11 genotypes of T. orientalis complex (designated Chitose or type 1, Ikeda or type 2, Buffeli or type 3, types 4 to 8, and N-1 to N-3) have been identified using a number of molecular markers, including major piroplasm surface protein (MPSP) (7,8), 23-kDa piroplasm membrane protein (p23) (9)(10)(11)60), small-subunit (SSU) rRNA gene (8,12,13), and/or the first and second internal transcribed spacers of nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITS-1 and ITS-2, respectively) (12,14). Of these genotypes, Ikeda and Chitose are recognized to be associated with clinical outbreaks of oriental theileriosis, mainly in the Asia-Pacific region (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21). The major clinical signs of this disease include fever, anemia, jaundice, lethargy, weakness, abortion, and/or mortality (16)(17)(18), with significant production losses in dairy cattle (22).…”

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Semiquantitative Multiplexed Tandem PCR for Detection and Differentiation of Four Theileria orientalis Genotypes in Cattle

et al. 2015

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bOriental theileriosis is an emerging, tick-borne disease of bovines in the Asia-Pacific region and is caused by one or more genotypes of the Theileria orientalis complex. This study aimed to establish and validate a multiplexed tandem PCR (MT-PCR) assay using three distinct markers (major piroplasm surface protein, 23-kDa piroplasm membrane protein, and the first internal transcribed spacer of nuclear DNA), for the simultaneous detection and semiquantification of four genotypes (Buffeli, Chitose, Ikeda, and type 5) of the T. orientalis complex. Analytical specificity, analytical sensitivity, and repeatability of the established MT-PCR assay were assessed in a series of experiments. Subsequently, the assay was evaluated using 200 genomic DNA samples collected from cattle from farms on which oriental theileriosis outbreaks had occurred, and 110 samples from a region where no outbreaks had been reported. The results showed the MT-PCR assay specifically and reproducibly detected the expected genotypes (i.e., genotypes Buffeli, Chitose, Ikeda, and type 5) of the T. orientalis complex, reliably differentiated them, and was able to detect as little as 1 fg of genomic DNA from each genotype. The diagnostic specificity and sensitivity of the MT-PCR were estimated at 94.0% and 98.8%, respectively. The MT-PCR assay established here is a practical and effective diagnostic tool for the four main genotypes of T. orientalis complex in Australia and should assist studies of the epidemiology and pathophysiology of oriental theileriosis in the Asia-Pacific region.T ick-borne diseases (TBDs) pose a major threat to livestock production worldwide and can have a significant impact on farming communities due to economic losses (1). Theileriosis is one of the important TBDs of cattle, sheep, and/or other ruminants, mainly in tropical and subtropical regions of the world (2). In cattle, East Coast fever (ECF) and Mediterranean/tropical theileriosis are due to Theileria parva and Theileria annulata, respectively, whereas oriental theileriosis is caused by Theileria orientalis. The prevalence of various forms of theileriosis in different parts of the world is dependent on the occurrence of suitable tick vectors for their transmission (3).Oriental theileriosis is caused by one or more genotypes of the T. orientalis complex and is transmitted by ixodid ticks, primarily Haemaphysalis spp. (4-6). Presently, 11 genotypes of T. orientalis complex (designated Chitose or type 1, Ikeda or type 2, Buffeli or type 3, types 4 to 8, and N-1 to N-3) have been identified using a number of molecular markers, including major piroplasm surface protein (MPSP) (7, 8), 23-kDa piroplasm membrane protein (p23) (9-11, 60), small-subunit (SSU) rRNA gene (8, 12, 13), and/or the first and second internal transcribed spacers of nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITS-1 and ITS-2, respectively) (12, 14). Of these genotypes, Ikeda and Chitose are recognized to be associated with clinical outbreaks of oriental theileriosis, mainly in the Asia-Pacific region (15-21). The major clin...

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Non-Transforming Theileria Parasites of Ruminants

Cited by 40 publications

References 58 publications

Epidemiological Survey of Theileria orientalis Infection in Grazing Cattle in the Eastern Part of Hokkaido, Japan

Epidemiological Survey of Theileria orientalis Infection in Grazing Cattle in the Eastern Part of Hokkaido, Japan

PCR Detection of Babesia ovata from Cattle Reared in Japan and Clinical Significance of Coinfection with Theileria orientalis

Semiquantitative Multiplexed Tandem PCR for Detection and Differentiation of Four Theileria orientalis Genotypes in Cattle

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