Non-melanoma Skin Cancer and Ten-year All-cause Mortality: A Population-based Cohort Study

Jensen, Annette Østergaard; Lamberg, Anna Lei; Jacobsen, Jacob; Olesen, Anne Braae; Sørensen, Henrik Toft

doi:10.2340/00015555-0899

Cited by 40 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Patients are numbered in ascending order based on the number of tumors developed. Within 10 years from transplantation, 5 patients developed more than 5 lesions (patients [13][14][15][16][17], mostly in sun-exposed sites, confirming sun exposure to be a major contributor to epithelial transformation. The skin lesions included: squamous cell carcinoma (n ¼ 14) and basal cell carcinoma (n ¼ 31), followed by precancerous lesions such as actinic keratosis (n ¼ 19), Bowen's disease (n ¼ 1) and keratoacanthoma (n ¼ 7), and benign lesions such as seborrheic keratosis (n ¼ 7).…”

Section: Modern Pathology (2014) 27 1101-1115mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…[10][11][12][13] The incidence of skin cancer, the most common cancer in fair-skinned populations, is at least 50-fold higher in organ transplant recipients. [14][15][16] Large numbers of skin tumors (often more than 10) tend to develop over time in these at-risk subjects, thus presenting an enormous challenge for the patients and those responsible for their care. 17,18 Nearly all adults are persistently infected in the skin with many viruses belonging to the human papillomavirus (HPV) family.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Improved detection reveals active β-papillomavirus infection in skin lesions from kidney transplant recipients

et al. 2014

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The aim of this study was to determine whether detection of b-HPV gene products, as defined in epidermodysplasia verruciformis skin cancer, could also be observed in lesions from kidney transplant recipients alongside the viral DNA. A total of 111 samples, corresponding to 79 skin lesions abscised from 17 kidney transplant recipients, have been analyzed. The initial PCR analysis demonstrated that b-HPV-DNA was highly present in our tumor series (85%). Using a combination of antibodies raised against the E4 and L1 proteins of the b-genotypes, we were able to visualize productive infection in 4 out of 19 actinic keratoses, and in the pathological borders of 1 out of 14 squamous cell carcinomas and 1 out of 31 basal cell carcinomas. Increased expression of the cellular proliferation marker minichromosome maintenance protein 7 (MCM7), that extended into the upper epithelial layers, was a common feature of all the E4-positive areas, indicating that cells were driven into the cell cycle in areas of productive viral infections. Although the present study does not directly demonstrate a causal role of these viruses, the detection of E4 and L1 positivity in actinic keratosis and the adjacent pathological epithelium of skin cancer, clearly shows that b-HPV are actively replicating in the intraepidermal precursor lesions of kidney transplant recipients and can therefore cooperate with other carcinogenic agents, such as UVB, favoring skin cancer promotion. Modern Pathology (2014) 27, 1101-1115; doi:10.1038/modpathol.2013.240; published online 3 January 2014Keywords: b-HPV; immunosuppression; kidney transplant recipients; skin cancer; viral life cycle Solid organ transplantation is a treatment offered to an increasing number of patients with end-stage organ diseases. Although lifesaving, organ transplantation is associated with an overall three-to fivefold increased risk of malignancies. 1-4 Most of these cancers are caused by reactivated viruses whose oncogenic potential is suppressed by immunological reactions in healthy individuals, like Epstein-Barr virus-associated B-cell lymphomas, Kaposi's sarcoma, caused by the reactivation of human herpesvirus type 8, and Merkel cell carcinoma of the skin, associated with Merkel cell polyomavirus. [5][6][7][8][9] Of the cancers presenting in organ transplant recipients that have no established infectious etiology, skin cancer is the most frequent form (95%), including squamous and basal cell carcinomas. [10][11][12][13] The incidence of skin cancer, the most common cancer in fair-skinned populations, is at least 50-fold higher in organ transplant recipients. 14-16 Large numbers of skin tumors (often more than 10) tend to develop over time in these at-risk subjects, thus

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Section: Modern Pathology (2014) 27 1101-1115mentioning

confidence: 95%

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confidence: 99%

Improved detection reveals active β-papillomavirus infection in skin lesions from kidney transplant recipients

et al. 2014

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“…The median age in Denmark was found recently to be 68 years for BCC and 78 years for SCC [ 7 ]. Males are typically affected more commonly than females, especially in older age groups.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and Aetiology of Non-melanoma Skin Cancer

Hasan

Riffat

2015

Head and Neck Cancer Clinics

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“…The answer is surprising and unexpected: you are going to live longer, by ϳ 9%, if you have been diagnosed with a BCC based on a 10-year mortality rate ratio (MRR = 0.91). However, if you have an SCC, you are probably male, have a number of comorbidities like renal, connective tissue, or liver disease, or leukemia or lymphoma, and you may die earlier (MRR ϳ 1.1) [19] . The authors (dermatologists among them) even dared to speculate: 'that through intermittent exposure to solar radiation BCC cases have had adequate vitamin D status with beneficial effects on their mortality'.…”

Section: Non-mm Skin Cancers Mortality From Them and Relation To Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D, UV, and Skin Cancer in the Elderly: To Expose or Not to Expose?

Glossmann

2010

Gerontology

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There is mounting concern about vitamin D insufficiency, especially in the ageing population. Increases in indoor lifestyle, obesity, car travel, clothing habits, the use of photo-protective makeup, and campaigns driven by dermatologists, governments, and the cosmetic industry to avoid or protect against the sun as much as possible are contributing to this trend. In a recent article in Gerontology, Barysch et al. [1] recommend that the ageing population avoid any ‘intentional’ UV radiation as well as ‘minimize sun exposure’ based on known dangers of developing skin cancer. They warn that ‘studies with vitamin D supplements reported increased risks of prostate and esophagus cancer as well as atopy in childhood’ and concluded that ‘adequate levels of vitamin D are essential for the elderly’, but do not suggest which level is optimal. I will argue that the ageing population should keep their serum 25-(OH)-vitamin D₃ (25-(OH)-D) levels in the 75–100 nmol/l range. An oral cholecalciferol intake of ∼2,000 IU/day is recommended as a supplement throughout the year for those who cannot enjoy the sun in summer or only during ‘vitamin D winter’ for the others.

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Non-melanoma Skin Cancer and Ten-year All-cause Mortality: A Population-based Cohort Study

Cited by 40 publications

References 17 publications

Improved detection reveals active β-papillomavirus infection in skin lesions from kidney transplant recipients

Improved detection reveals active β-papillomavirus infection in skin lesions from kidney transplant recipients

Epidemiology and Aetiology of Non-melanoma Skin Cancer

Vitamin D, UV, and Skin Cancer in the Elderly: To Expose or Not to Expose?

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