Non-enzymatic electrochemical sensing of glucose

Wang, Guangfeng; He, Xiuping; Wang, Lingling; Gu, Aixia; Huang, Yan; Fang, Bin; Geng, Baoyou

doi:10.1007/s00604-012-0923-1

Cited by 456 publications

(275 citation statements)

References 207 publications

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“…Nonenzymatic glucose sensors are either based on direct oxidation of glucose on an electrode or on affinity-based glucose assays. Direct oxidationbased approaches have received increased interest due to increased nanomaterials research [45][46][47][48]. Arylboronic acid, used for affinity separation of glycoproteins, has frequently been the basis for affinity-based assays coupled with optical or electrochemical detection schemes [49,50].…”

Section: Glucose Measurement Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Glucose Biosensors for Diabetes Care

Ocvirk¹,

Buck²,

DuVall³

2016

Trends in Bioelectroanalysis

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Blood glucose monitoring (BGM) is the most successful application of electrochemical biosensor technology and has motivated tremendous improvements in biology, chemistry, measurement, and fabrication methods of biosensors. The performance of electrochemical biosensors used for BGM has improved greatly over the last four decades. Technological advance has allowed to measure blood glucose (BG) over a wide range of glucose concentration, a wide temperature and hematocrit range in the presence of an abundance of interfering substances with ever-increasing accuracy, and precision in minute sample volumes. The use of optimized enzymes, mediators, and electrochemical measurement methods enables this tremendous progress in performance. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems based on minimally invasive amperometric sensors, inserted into the subcutaneous tissue, have significantly improved over initial offerings over the last 15 years with regard to time of use, accuracy, reliability, and convenience due to a multitude of parallel advances: materials needed for enzyme immobilization, polymeric cover membranes, and biocompatible coatings needed to tackle the response by the complex body interface have been developed; wireless transfer and processing of unprecedented data volume have been established; effortless and painless insertion schemes of ever smaller sensors have been realized in order to overcome the concerns of persons with diabetes (PwDs) to use a minimally invasive sensor; and scalable manufacturing technologies of miniaturized minimally invasive sensors have allowed for ever improved reproducibility and increased production volume. Looking ahead, the demands on blood glucose system performance G. Ocvirk (*) Roche Diabetes Care GmbH, Mannheim, Germany e-mail: gregor.ocvirk@roche.com H. Buck and S.H. DuVall Roche Diabetes Care, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, USA e-mail: harvey.buck@roche.com; stacy.duvall@roche.com are expected to grow even as the pressures to lower the cost of systems increase. The drive for the future is to continue to push the limits on system performance under real-life conditions while lowering cost, all while finding ways to provide the best medical value to PwDs and healthcare providers. Technical issues of commercially available CGM sensors remain to be solved which currently impede reliable hypo-and hyperglycemic alarms, safe insulin dosing recommendations, or insulin pump control at any time of use. It is realistic to assume that continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems will be adopted in the future by a larger population of PwDs. Yet it is also clear that BGM systems will remain a major choice of the great majority of PwDs on a global scale. This review offers a technical overview about user, system, and major regulatory requirements and available suitable sensor technology and demonstrated performance of electrochemical BGM and CGM systems from an industrial R&D perspective.

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Section: Glucose Measurement Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Glucose Biosensors for Diabetes Care

Ocvirk¹,

Buck²,

DuVall³

2016

Trends in Bioelectroanalysis

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“…This prompted the development of nano-structured interfaces that facilitated rapid electron transfer. However, enzymatic sensors are limited (Wang et al 2008a) by their instability due to changes in temperature and pH (Park et al 2006;Wang et al 2013;Li et al 2015). This has led to the development of the fourth generation of electrochemical sensors that are enzyme-free.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzyme-free monitoring of glucose utilization in stimulated macrophages using carbon nanotube-decorated electrochemical sensor

et al. 2017

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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been extensively explored for a diverse range of applications due to their unique electrical and mechanical properties. CNT-incorporated electrochemical sensors have exhibited enhanced sensitivity towards the analyte molecule due to the excellent electron transfer properties of CNTs. In addition, CNTs possess a large surface area-to-volume ratio that favours the adhesion of analyte molecules as well as enhances the electroactive area. Most of the electrochemical sensors have employed CNTs as a nano-interface to promote electron transfer and as an immobilization matrix for enzymes. The present work explores the potential of CNTs to serve as a catalytic interface for the enzymeless quantification of glucose. The figure of merits for the enzymeless sensor was comparable to the performance of several enzyme-based sensors reported in literature. The developed sensor was successfully employed to determine the glucose utilization of unstimulated and stimulated macrophages. The significant difference in the glucose utilization levels in activated macrophages and quiescent cells observed in the present investigation opens up the possibilities of new avenues for effective medical diagnosis of inflammatory disorders.

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“…Despite dominating the glucose sensor market, enzymatic systems have a number of critical flaws such as high oxygen dependency, and can be therefore questioned for maximum reliability. Furthermore, the sensory ability of enzymatic sugar biosensors may be highly impacted by the presence of other electroactive interferences in the sample that are always commonplace in real industrial samples and it is still constrained by usage of mildly enzymic conditions, such as pH ranges of 2-8, temperatures below 44ºC, and ambient humidity levels [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%